Timor-Leste

Timor-Leste的建議疫苗接種

對於大多數旅行者

乙肝疫苗

There is a risk of infection with hepatitis B for this country, therefore, the vaccination is recommended.

甲型肝炎疫苗

There is a risk for hepatitis A virus exposure through contaminated food or water. Infants 6 to 11 months old should also be vaccinated against Hepatitis A.

對於一些旅行者

日本腦炎疫苗

Long-term travellers (i.e., trips lasting a month or more) are generally considered to be at higher risk during Japanese encephalitis virus transmission season, especially if travel will include rural areas with rice fields and marshland where exposure to mosquitoes may increase. Short term (less than 1 month) travellers are generally considered to be at low risk, unless they spend time in areas where the mosquito breeds, such as rice fields or marshlands, or pig-farming areas. Vaccination should be considered for travellers whose itineraries or activities will increase their risk (e.g. spending substantial time outdoors in rural or agricultural areas; staying in accommodations without air conditioning, screens, or bed nets). Travellers who are going to an area with an ongoing outbreak of Japanese encephalitis or who are uncertain about their specific activities or duration of travel should consider obtaining the vaccination.

麻疹，腮腺炎，風疹（MMR）疫苗

One dose of measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) is recommeded to all infants 6 to 11 months old before travel.

卡介苗芽孢桿菌（BCG）疫苗

BCG vaccine is recommended for all unvaccinated adults and children under 16 years of age, staying the country for more than 3 months. A tuberculin skin test is required prior to administering vaccination for all children from 6 years of age.

傷寒疫苗

There is a risk of exposure to typhoid fever in this country through consumption of unsafe food and water. Since exposure to unsafe sources is variable within this country, the vaccination against typhoid fever is generally recommended, especially when visiting smaller cities, rural areas, or staying with friends and family.

狂犬病疫苗

Vaccination against rabies is recommended for travellers involved in outdoor activities (e.g., adventure travellers, and cavers) who may have direct contact with rabid dogs, bats, and other mammals. Those with occupational risks (such as veterinarians, wildlife professionals, researchers) and long-term travellers and expatriates are at higher risk and should be vaccinated.

Timor-Leste的推薦藥物

對於一些旅行者

抗瘧藥

The recommended anti-malarial medications are Atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, or mefloquine. There is chloroquine resistance.

Timor-Leste要注意的疾病

對於大多數旅行者

Chikungunya Fever

Chikungunya fever can occur in Timor-Leste

Hepatitis B

There is a risk for acquiring hepatitis B in this country.

Hepatitis A

There is a risk of exposure to hepatitis A virus in this country through contaminated food or water.

Dengue Fever

Dengue fever can occur in this country.

對於一些旅行者

Hanta Virus

There is a risk of acquiring hantavirus in the country through contaminated food or being around someone infected with the virus.

Measles

There is a risk of acquiring measles in the country.

Japanese encephalitis

Japanese encephalitis occurs in this country with presumed year-round transmission. All travellers should take measures to avoid mosquito bites particularly between dusk and dawn.

Tuberculosis

Travellers to this country are at risk for tuberculosis if visiting sick friends or family, working in the health care field, or having close prolonged contact with the general population.

Malaria

There is a low risk of acquiring Malaria in this country.

Rabies

Timor-Leste is free of dog rabies. However, rabies may still be present in wildlife species, particularly bats. Travelers engaged in occupational risks (such as veterinarians, wildlife professionals, researchers) and long-term travellers and expatriates are at higher risk.

Typhoid Fever

Unvaccinated people can become infected through contaminated food and water in Timor-Leste, especially when visiting smaller cities, villages, or rural areas where water and food may not be safe.

Timor-Leste中的安全性

人身安全

東帝汶的犯罪率中等，遊客在出發前應先了解相關情況。小偷小摸和投機取巧犯罪時有發生，尤其是在首都帝力及其周邊海灘地區。犯罪者有時會以外國人為目標實施盜竊，但針對旅行者的暴力犯罪並不常見。入室搶劫事件時有發生，夜間和獨自旅行時犯罪風險顯著增加。涉及武術團體的幫派暴力活動在主要城市，尤其是帝力活躍。政府於2023年11月禁止了這些團體，並由於持續的暴力問題，將禁令多次延長至2025年。這些團體的鬥毆通常涉及投擲石塊，有時還會使用砍刀和刀具，而且大多發生在夜間。雖然在這些事件中，外國人並未成為專門的目標，但如果發生鬥毆，您應立即離開任何區域。在幫派衝突和騷亂期間，尤其是在傍晚和夜間，可能會發生針對車輛的投擲石塊攻擊事件。請避開帝力塔西托盧和科摩羅週邊地區，這些地區騷亂較為常見。自2006年至2009年發生嚴重國內騷亂以來，安全局勢有所改善，但潛在的緊張局勢依然存在，特別是在選舉期間，局勢可能在幾乎沒有任何預兆的情況下惡化。

極端暴力

東帝汶的暴力程度不像一些發展中國家那麼極端。涉及武術團體和儀式藝術團體的幫派事件是組織性暴力的主要隱患。這些大規模成員組織在東帝汶社會有著複雜的歷史，經常對敵對團體實施暴力，這增加了地方爭端升級為社區暴力的可能性。政府於2023年11月在全國範圍內實施了對所有武術團體活動的禁令，該禁令已延長至2025年12月。這些團體之間的戰鬥通常涉及投擲石塊，偶爾還會使用砍刀和刀具等武器，大多數事件發生在夜間。在這些衝突中，外國人尚未成為攻擊目標，但您應該避開任何發生戰鬥的地區。團體之間的暴力事件可能會影響帝力、馬利亞納、蘇艾和薩梅等主要城鎮。在帝力的科摩羅機場、食品倉庫和某些街區附近發生了騷亂。根據現有數據，東帝汶的兇殺率約為每十萬人口3.9起，與地區水準相比相對較低。東帝汶近期沒有發生恐怖主義事件，但也不能排除發生攻擊的可能性。安全部隊在應對抗議活動時偶爾會使用催淚瓦斯和武力，例如2025年9月的學生示威活動。

政治動盪

東帝汶被認為是東南亞最民主的國家，但該國仍時有政治動盪。其安全局勢依然脆弱，潛在的緊張局勢可能在重大政治事件期間浮現。 2025年9月，帝力爆發了由學生主導的大規模抗議活動，抗議政府計劃為議員購買豪華轎車並提供終身退休金。數千人參加了為期三天的示威活動，一些抗議者投擲石塊後，警方使用了催淚瓦斯和橡皮子彈。四人受傷。抗議活動在議會同意取消購車和終身退休金計畫後結束。小規模的糾紛可能在毫無預警的情況下升級為暴力事件。抗議活動和大型公眾集會可能迅速惡化並演變成暴力事件，尤其是在帝力的塔西托盧和科莫羅附近。在動盪時期，交通和基本服務可能會中斷。政治局勢緊張，尤其是在總統或國會選舉期間。在這些時期，暴力事件可能在幾乎沒有人注意的情況下發生。自2012年以來，沒有發生過重大政治暴力事件，但在選舉期間保持警惕仍然很重要。全國各地隨時可能爆發軍事行動。政治示威和地方騷亂時有發生，最初的和平集會也可能升級。街頭幫派鬥毆也加劇了局部地區的不穩定。您應該避開所有示威、抗議、大型公眾集會以及人群聚集的區域。

應避免的區域

在帝力，應特別警惕塔西托盧和科摩羅一帶，因為這些地區幫派暴力、示威和騷亂事件較為頻繁。這些地區歷史悠久，在集會或抗議期間應避免前往。科摩羅機場附近曾發生過騷亂。帝力的海灘路曾發生性侵害和性騷擾事件。帝力附近的海灘和農村地區偶爾會發生針對外國人的襲擊事件，但這種情況並不常見。由於擔心犯罪活動的安全問題，與印尼接壤的邊境地區需要保持警惕。邊境管制鬆懈，存在一些販運活動。有人發現有人從印尼邊境非法運送氣槍和其他武器。雖然這些地區沒有旅行限制，但仍需要提高警覺。在馬利亞納、蘇艾和薩梅等主要城鎮，搶劫、縱火和故意破壞等幫派暴力事件時有發生。天黑後，全國各地的風險顯著增加。街道通常光線昏暗，年輕人可能會聚集在公共場所。夜間更容易發生犯罪活動、騷擾和暴力事件。天黑後避免步行或乘車出行，尤其是在帝力以外地區。農村地區和行政區緊急救援服務匱乏。如果前往市中心以外地區，請僅在白天出行。東部各區和南部沿海地區已通報發生鱷魚攻擊事件。在帝力等地的海灘和內陸水道上都曾發現鱷魚。下水前請先諮詢當地人。