Antigua & Barbuda
關於Antigua & Barbuda
| 貨幣 | East Caribbean dollar (XCD) |
| 語言 | English. Antiguan creole is the local language. |
| 資本金 | Saint John's |
Antigua and Barbuda is a nation composed of islands located between the Caribbean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean. In addition to the two major inhabited islands, Antigua and Barbuda, it includes a number of smaller islands (Great Bird, Green, Guinea, Long, Maiden and York Islands). These are low lying islands with some volcanic areas at a higher elevation. The overall population is approximately 88,000 people.
Antigua and Barbuda became an independent state of the British Commonwealth of Nations on November 1, 1981. The British Empire strongly influenced the nation’s governance, language, and culture. The government is a constitutional monarchy with a parliamentary system of government.
The economy mainly depends upon tourism. Antigua and Barbuda attract tourists with the dry tropical climate, white sand beaches and crystal blue waters. The US dollar is widely accepted in this nation.
Antigua & Barbuda的建議疫苗接種
對於大多數旅行者
甲型肝炎疫苗
There is a significant risk of exposure to hepatitis A for this country. The vaccination is recommended.
乙肝疫苗
The risk of acquiring hepatitis B in Antigua and Barbuda is low, so discuss vaccination with your health care provider to ascertain any risk factors, as it may not be necessary.
對於一些旅行者
黃熱病疫苗
A yellow fever vaccination certificate is required for travellers over 1 year of age arriving from countries with risk of yellow fever transmission. Travellers transiting for more than 12 hours through an airport in a country/territory at risk for yellow fever transmission would also require a certificate.
狂犬病疫苗
Rabies vaccination is recommended for travellers who may come in contact with bats (i. e. cavers, adventure travellers, researchers, and anyone working with bats).
傷寒疫苗
There is a risk of exposure to typhoid fever in this country through consumption of unsafe food and water. Since exposure to unsafe sources is variable within this country, the vaccination against typhoid fever is generally recommended, especially when visiting smaller cities or rural areas, where food and water sources may be contaminated.
Antigua & Barbuda的推薦藥物
目前沒有針對Antigua & Barbuda的建議。
Antigua & Barbuda要注意的疾病
對於大多數旅行者
Dengue Fever
Dengue fever outbreaks have occurred frequently on many Caribbean islands, including Antigua and Barbuda.
Hepatitis B
The risk of acquiring hepatitis B in Antigua and Barbuda is low, so discuss vaccination with your health care provider to ascertain any risk factors, as it may not be necessary.
Chikungunya Fever
Chikungunya fever has occurred in this country.
Hepatitis A
There is a high risk for hepatitis A virus exposure in Antigua and Barbuda through contaminated food or water. Infection can still occur at tourist destinations and resorts.
對於一些旅行者
Typhoid Fever
Unvaccinated people can become infected through contaminated food and water in Antigua and Barbuda, especially when visiting smaller cities, villages, or rural areas where food and water sources may be contaminated.
Yellow Fever
There is no risk of yellow fever transmission. However, a yellow fever vaccination certificate is required for travellers over 1 year of age arriving from countries with risk of yellow fever transmission. Travellers transiting for more than 12 hours through an airport in a country/territory at risk for yellow fever transmission would also require a certificate.
Rabies
Rabies may be present in bats.
Zika Fever
Zika fever occurs in this country.
Antigua & Barbuda中的安全性
人身安全
安提瓜和巴布達的犯罪大多是小偷小摸。扒手和搶錢包的情況時有發生，尤其是在年度節慶活動期間以及像聖約翰斯這樣人流密集的地區。暴力犯罪確實會發生，包括武裝搶劫、謀殺和性侵犯，但這些事件很少涉及遊客。兇殺率從 2019 年的每 10 萬人 2.4 起上升到 2022 年的 10.7 起。到 2024 年上半年，犯罪率與 2023 年相比上升了 9%，主要原因是竊盜和入室盜竊。大多數暴力事件發生在旅遊區以外的特定社區。迪肯森灣、英吉利港和喬利港等旅遊區都有定期的警察巡邏，並於 2023 年設立了旅遊安全小組。封閉式社區享有私人保全和出入管制。天黑後避免獨自離開主幹道，夜間遠離偏僻的海灘。聖約翰的一些地區，例如格雷農場 (Grays Farm) 和 The Point，天黑後最好避開，除非有當地人陪伴。抵抗搶劫可能會引發使用武器的暴力反應。毒品犯罪將受到嚴厲處罰。穿著迷彩服是違法的，即使是兒童也不例外。
極端暴力
暴力犯罪時有發生，但與其他加勒比海國家相比相對少見。由於人口較少，兇殺率波動很大。從 2019 年的每 10 萬人 2.4 起上升到 2022 年的 10.7 起，2021 年為 17.16 起。 2024 年上半年報告了 6 起謀殺案，而 2023 年同期為 2 起。大多數暴力犯罪發生在特定社區，而不是旅遊區或封閉式住宅區。事件包括武裝搶劫、謀殺和性侵犯。與一些鄰國相比，幫派活動並不普遍。 2020 年至 2021 年間，槍枝犯罪翻了一番，但與其他加勒比海國家相比仍然較低。有報導稱，犯罪網絡可能透過海上路線從附近的牙買加向該國販運槍支。截至 2025 年，針對遊客的組織犯罪尚未成為已知的模式。抵抗搶劫可能會導致使用武器的暴力反應。
政治動盪
安提瓜和巴布達是一個穩定的議會民主制國家。 2023 年大選和平舉行。政治權力在安提瓜和巴布達工黨與聯合進步黨之間交替。該國沒有恐怖主義歷史。抗議活動很少發生，整體來說是和平的。 2021 年，因 COVID-19 限制措施發生了抗議活動，示威者儘管被拒絕許可仍繼續遊行。這些抗議活動帶有政治色彩，但並未引發大規模暴力。示威活動隨時可能發生，即使是和平示威也可能隨時演變成暴力，導致交通中斷。主要的政治緊張局勢涉及安提瓜中央政府與巴布達議會在 2017 年颶風伊爾瑪之後就公共土地所有權發生的糾紛。雖然這些糾紛情緒激動，但都透過法律管道處理。 2020 年，巴布達議會尋求脫離聯邦，但該決議在議會未獲通過。集會自由得到保障。包括新聞自由在內的公民自由得到維護。該國在全球民主指數中被評為自由國家。 2021年政治穩定指數為0.96分，高於世界平均。
應避免的區域
狄更森灣、英吉利港、喬利港和納爾遜造船廠等旅遊區巡邏嚴密，治安良好。熱門海灘和度假村氛圍安全。喬利港、糖嶺和雪松谷等封閉式社區是治安最好的住宅區之一，擁有私人保安和出入控制。在聖約翰，前往主要商業區以外的區域應謹慎。除非有當地人陪同或乘坐帶導遊的交通工具，否則最好在天黑後避開聖約翰的部分地區，包括格雷農場、The Point 以及市場街西巴士站周圍的街區。遺產碼頭和雷德克利夫碼頭可能會發生輕微犯罪和強行乞討。卡萊爾灣、達克伍德海灘、半月灣和可可灣等偏僻的海灘在夜間可能很危險，尤其是獨自一人時。請避免結伴前往這些區域，並在天黑後遠離。如果您不是與熟悉該地區的當地人一起，深夜荒涼的海灘和偏遠地區會帶來風險。光線充足、人口稠密的地區較安全，尤其是在飯店和主要旅遊景點附近。
