Suriname
關於Suriname
| 貨幣 | Surinamese dollar (SRD) |
| 語言 | Dutch |
| 資本金 | Paramaribo |
The Republic of Suriname is located in the northern part of South America between Guyana and French Guiana, and bordering with Brazil and the North Atlantic Ocean. The population is approximately 500,000 people. Most of the population lives in the narrow areas along the northern coast since the lack of infrastructure leaves the interior of the country inaccessible. While the official language is Dutch, there are many recognized regional languages.
The government of Suriname is a constitutional democracy with a president as chief of state and head of government. Suriname was a colony of The Netherlands (Dutch Guiana) until gaining independence in 1975. Since independence, the country has dealt with coups and a civil war, and the country still faces difficult economic and political challenges.
The economy is dominated by mining and metal processing. The tourism sector has been growing with the number of hotels and tour operators greatly increasing in the last five to seven years. Visitors to Suriname are attracted by the biodiversity of the country, the wildlife and nature reserves, the capital of Paramaribo which is a UNESCO World Heritage Site known for its colonial wooden buildings.
Suriname的建議疫苗接種
對於大多數旅行者
乙肝疫苗
There is a significant risk of infection with Hepatitis B for this country, therefore, the vaccination is recommended.
甲型肝炎疫苗
There is a significant risk of exposure to Hepatitis A for this country, therefore, the vaccination is recommended.
對於一些旅行者
麻疹，腮腺炎，風疹（MMR）疫苗
A dose of Measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine is recommended for infants aged 6 to 11 months.
傷寒疫苗
There is a risk of exposure to typhoid fever in this country through consumption of unsafe food and water. Since exposure to unsafe sources is variable within this country, the vaccination against typhoid fever is generally recommended, especially when visiting smaller cities or rural areas, where food and water sources may be contaminated.
黃熱病疫苗
There is a risk of transmission of and exposure to yellow fever in Suriname. A yellow fever vaccination certificate is required for travellers 1 year of age and older arriving from countries with risk of yellow fever transmission and for travellers having transited more than 12 hours through an airport of a country with risk of yellow fever transmission. The yellow fever vaccination is recommended for all travellers 9 months of age and older.
狂犬病疫苗
Vaccination against rabies is recommended for travellers involved in outdoor activities (e.g., campers, hikers, adventure travellers, and cavers) who may have direct contact with rabid dogs, bats, and other mammals. Those with occupational risks (such as veterinarians, wildlife professionals, researchers) and long-term travellers and expatriates are at higher risk and should be vaccinated.
Suriname的推薦藥物
對於一些旅行者
抗瘧藥
Recommended anti-malaria medication includes atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline or mefloquine. Anti-malaria drug resistance for chloroquine is present, but some malaria strains (P. falciparum) may be resistant to mefloquine.
Suriname要注意的疾病
對於大多數旅行者
Dengue Fever
Dengue fever outbreaks have occurred in Suriname, and the risk to travellers is significant.
Hepatitis A
There is a high risk for hepatitis A virus exposure in Suriname through contaminated food or water.
Hepatitis B
There is a significant risk for acquiring hepatitis B in Suriname.
Chikungunya Fever
Chikungunya fever has occurred in this country.
對於一些旅行者
West Nile Fever
There is a risk of acquiring West Nile virus in this country.
Measles
There is a risk of acquiring Measles in this country.
Zika Fever
There is transmission of the Zika virus in this country.
Hanta Virus
There is a risk of acquiring Hantavirus in this country through the consumption of food and water contaminated by an infected rodent or through rodent bites.
Typhoid Fever
Unvaccinated people can become infected through contaminated food and water in Suriname, especially when visiting smaller cities, villages, or rural areas where food and water sources may be contaminated.
Tuberculosis
Travellers are at risk for tuberculosis if visiting sick friends or family, working in the healthcare field, or having close prolonged contact with a sick person.
Schistosomiasis
The parasite that causes schistosomiasis is found in Suriname. It is contracted through contact with fresh water, such as swimming, bathing, or rafting. In Suriname, schistosomiasis mainly occurs in the coastal zone, particularly in the district of Saramacca. Well-chlorinated swimming pools and contact with saltwater in oceans or seas will not put travellers at risk for schistosomiasis.
Malaria
There is a low risk in Suriname. Malaria may be transmitted in in Sipaliwini District, near the border with French Guiana. Limited transmission has been reported in Brokopondo, Marowijne, and Para. Districts along the Atlantic Coast and Paramaribo city are free of malaria. Mefloquine resistance has been reported.
Yellow Fever
There is a risk of transmission of and exposure to yellow fever in Suriname. A yellow fever vaccination certificate is required for travellers 1 year of age and older arriving from countries with risk of yellow fever transmission and for travellers having transited more than 12 hours through an airport of a country with risk of yellow fever transmission. The yellow fever vaccination is recommended for all travellers 9 months of age and older.
Leishmaniasis
Leishmaniasis occurs in Suriname, particularly in the forested interior of the country. It is usually more common in rural than urban areas, and the risk of acquiring leishmaniasis is increased in travellers who spend time outdoors in rural areas and at night, when sand flies typically feed.
Chagas Disease
American trypanosomiasis occurs in Suriname. This disease is more common in rural areas, however, the risk of travellers acquiring this disease is extremely low unless staying in very poor quality housing or camping.
Rabies
Rabies occurs in this country. Travellers involved in outdoor activities (e.g., campers, hikers, adventure travellers, and cavers) may have direct contact with rabid dogs, bats, and other mammals. Those with occupational risks (such as veterinarians, wildlife professionals, researchers) and long-term travellers and expatriates are at higher risk.
Suriname中的安全性
人身安全
輕微犯罪影響蘇利南的當地人和遊客。帕拉馬裡博的商業區、購物區和主要飯店附近經常發生扒手和搶劫案。武裝搶劫、入室盜竊和暴力犯罪主要發生在首都及其周邊地區，但遊客很少成為犯罪目標。外國人更容易受到犯罪分子的關注，因此您應該保護自己的財產安全。大多數蘇利南之旅都平安無事。然而，近年來犯罪率上升，尤其是暴力搶劫案，在2023年至2024年間上升了143%。帕拉馬裡博以外的警力部署很少。內陸雨林地區犯罪率較低，但由於地處偏遠且缺乏緊急服務，也有其他風險。毒品販運路線穿過內陸地區，而那裡執法力度不足。
極端暴力
2022年，蘇利南的兇殺率達到每10萬人7.3人，與鄰國相比相對較低。然而，2024年9月，兇殺率急劇上升至29.9人，比2023年增加了382%，是拉丁美洲增幅最高的國家之一。這一激增似乎與日益升級的暴力輕微犯罪（尤其是搶劫）有關，而非有組織犯罪活動。暴力搶劫案增加了143%，槍枝犯罪增加了123%。犯罪者通常攜帶槍支並會使用槍支，尤其是在受害者反抗的情況下。帕拉馬裡博及其周邊地區時常發生武裝搶劫和入室盜竊。偶爾會發生與毒品交易有關的暴力事件，包括暗殺、駕車槍擊和向住宅牆壁投擲手榴彈，但這些事件很少涉及遊客。劫車事件主要發生在帕拉馬裡博的居民區。犯罪集團在圭亞那邊境地區活動猖獗，治安狀況堪憂。帕拉馬裡博和阿爾比納之間東西高速公路、帕拉區阿福巴卡高速公路沿線以及阿爾比納、莫恩戈和布羅科蓬多區等城鎮的旅客也遭遇搶劫。
政治動盪
2023 年 2 月，數千名示威者衝進帕拉馬裡博議會大廈，抗議經濟危機，包括通貨膨脹率超過 54%、取消燃料和電力補貼以及高昂的生活成本。最初的和平抗議演變成暴力事件，示威者向警察投擲石頭和瓶子，闖入國民議會，搶劫商店，損壞財產。警方發射催淚瓦斯並逮捕了 100 多人。政府實施宵禁，並部署軍隊和警察。抗議期間，社群媒體平台被暫時關閉。這次騷亂是在國際貨幣基金組織建議政府採取緊縮措施之後發生的。政治示威活動很常見，預計在經濟困難時期還會持續。它們可能演變成暴力事件，導致路障和交通中斷。早在 1999 年的抗議活動中，也發生了要求政府辭職的大規模罷工和示威活動。示威活動通常與文化慶祝活動相似，因此在參加大型集會之前請先詢問當地人。
應避免的區域
避免前往帕拉馬裡博荷蘭區的棕櫚園（Palmentuin），尤其是在天黑後。該地沒有警察，且以非法活動和犯罪行為而聞名。帕拉馬裡博的商業區和購物區經常發生扒手和搶劫事件。熱門飯店附近地區犯罪事件頻繁發生。由於搶劫風險，首都以外的阿爾比納、莫恩戈和布羅科蓬多地區應避免前往。帕拉馬裡博和阿爾比納之間的東西向高速公路有搶劫風險。帕拉地區的阿福巴卡高速公路是另一個值得關注的區域。應避免前往圭亞那邊境，因為幫派在這個無法無天的環境中活動。帕拉馬裡博的拉圖和弗洛拉街區犯罪率較高。帕拉馬裡博以外地區幾乎不存在警察。遠離沿海地區前往內陸雨林時，請選擇信譽良好的旅行社，因為遊客在蘇利南中部曾遭遇搶劫。由於地處偏遠且缺乏執法，前往內陸地區的獨立旅行需要提前規劃。
