Poland
關於Poland
| 貨幣 | Zloty (PLN) |
| 語言 | Polish |
| 資本金 | Warsaw |
The Republic of Poland is located in Central Europe and is the ninth largest country in Europe. Neighbouring countries include Germany, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Ukraine, Belarus, Lithuania and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian exclave. Poland’s coastline is on the Baltic Sea. The population is over 38 million people. The government is a republic with a president as chief of state and a prime minister as head of government.
Although overrun many times by many enemies, Poland has always reemerged as a viable state. Most recently, during the revolution of 1989, communist rule was overthrown and Poland became the “Third Polish Republic.” Economic prosperity reemerged, but Poland still has some problems, such as a high unemployment rate, bureaucratic red tape, some corruption, which keep the country from reaching full potential.
Visitors to Poland will enjoy the contrasts between the old and new. The modern cities contrast with the countrysides that keep the rural peasant atmosphere, where horse-drawn carts still carry hay from the fields. Tourists can see 14th century Gothic castles, medieval areas, museums, monastaries, cathedrals and sites that bear witness to the Nazi occupation. The beaches on the Baltic coast are also a common tourist destination.
Poland的建議疫苗接種
對於大多數旅行者
乙肝疫苗
There is a significant risk of infection with hepatitis B for this country, therefore, the vaccination is recommended.
甲型肝炎疫苗
There is a significant risk of exposure to hepatitis A for this country, therefore, the vaccination is recommended.
對於一些旅行者
麻疹，腮腺炎，風疹（MMR）疫苗
A dose of Measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine is recommended for infants aged 6 to 11 months.
ick蟲腦炎疫苗
Vaccination against tick-borne encephalitis is recommended if travelling in the provinces of Podlaskie and Warminsko-Mazurskie or where contact with ticks might occur (camping, hiking, outdoor activities) during early spring to late autumn.
狂犬病疫苗
Vaccination against rabies is recommended for travellers involved in outdoor activities (e.g., campers, hikers, adventure travellers, and cavers) who may have direct contact with rabid dogs, bats, and other mammals. Those with occupational risks (such as veterinarians, wildlife professionals, researchers) and long-term travellers and expatriates are at higher risk and should be vaccinated.
Poland的推薦藥物
目前沒有針對Poland的建議。
Poland要注意的疾病
對於大多數旅行者
Hepatitis B
There is a significant risk for acquiring hepatitis B in Poland.
Hepatitis A
There is a significant risk for hepatitis A virus exposure in Poland through contaminated food or water. Infection can still occur at tourist destinations and resorts.
對於一些旅行者
Tuberculosis
Travellers to this country are at risk for tuberculosis if visiting sick friends or family, working in the healthcare field, or having close prolonged contact with an infected person.
Hanta Virus
There is a risk of acquiring Hantavirus in this country through the consumption of food and water contaminated by an infected rodent or through rodent bites.
Measles
A dose of Measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine is recommended for infants aged 6 to 11 months.
Rabies
Rabies occurs in this country. Travellers involved in outdoor activities (e.g., campers, hikers, adventure travellers, and cavers) may have direct contact with rabid dogs, bats, and other mammals. Those with occupational risks (such as veterinarians, wildlife professionals, researchers) and long-term travellers and expatriates are at higher risk.
Tick-Borne Encephalitis
There is a risk of Tick-borne Encephalitis in the provinces of Podlaskie and Warminsko-Mazurskie. The transmission season varies, however, ticks are most active during early spring to late autumn.
Poland中的安全性
人身安全
波蘭是歐洲最安全的旅遊國家之一。針對遊客的暴力犯罪很少發生，但小偷小摸和扒手仍然是旅遊區的主要隱患。扒手常出現在舊城廣場、火車站和汽車站等人流密集的地方。波蘭的犯罪率一直在穩定下降，每10萬人中只有0.68人被殺，是歐洲最低的國家之一。針對外國人的嚴重犯罪並不常見，但有些攻擊是出於種族歧視。據報道，酒吧和俱樂部曾發生過下藥事件，尤其是那些專門針對提供特價優惠的遊客的酒吧和俱樂部。避免乘坐非正規計程車，因為乘客曾遭遇過無牌車輛和一些透過共乘應用程式預訂的車輛的濫收費用、襲擊和性侵犯。由於靠近烏克蘭衝突地區，飛彈碎片偶爾會落在波蘭東部邊境附近，但這仍然是一個孤立的風險。針對遊客的詐騙手法包括抬高計程車費、酒吧隱藏價格的濫收費用，以及一些場所先以特價優惠引誘顧客，然後開出虛高的帳單。一些成人娛樂場所也涉嫌組織犯罪和敲詐勒索，如果顧客拒絕支付過高的費用，就會受到暴力威脅或被非法逮捕。
極端暴力
波蘭在 2023 年全球恐怖主義指數中得分為 0.0，顯示恐怖主義風險極低。近年來，該國沒有遭受任何大規模恐怖攻擊，但不能排除攻擊的可能性。波蘭的主要安全問題與其與烏克蘭衝突的距離有關。俄羅斯在烏克蘭的軍事打擊範圍在波蘭邊境 20 公里以內。 2022 年，烏克蘭邊境附近的普熱沃多夫發生爆炸，造成兩名波蘭國民死亡。白俄羅斯和烏克蘭邊境附近的無人機活動導致空域暫時關閉和航班中斷。這些邊界沿線仍然實行空中交通管制。仇恨犯罪時有發生，警方已通報 997 起，其中包括 231 起種族主義事件、89 起反猶太攻擊和 62 起反穆斯林事件。許多有色人種遭受騷擾但未被舉報。有組織犯罪在某些行業活躍，特別是在某些成人娛樂場所。足球流氓偶爾會捲入暴力衝突，尤其是在足球比賽期間，一些球迷俱樂部與有組織犯罪有關。雖然波蘭確實存在暴力極右翼團體，但自1989年共產主義垮台以來，波蘭尚未經歷過此類團體發動的造成大規模傷亡的襲擊。
政治動盪
公眾示威在波蘭很常見，而且大多是和平的。遊行和集會偶爾會引發暴力，特別是在政治氣氛濃厚的活動中。近年來，大規模反政府抗議活動頻傳，數十萬人參與了華沙的示威活動。 2024 年，農民封鎖了全國 260 條主要道路，抗議歐洲綠色協議政策和烏克蘭糧食進口。反移民示威活動已在 80 多個城市舉行，由極右翼團體組織。 2024 年 3 月，抗議者在華沙議會外與警察發生衝突。波蘭 11 月 11 日的獨立日曆來在示威活動中發生暴力事件。對立團體之間的反示威可能演變成暴力事件。政治氣氛中民族主義和保守情緒高漲，導致大眾抵制某些社會議題。與司法獨立、生育權和移民政策有關的抗議活動頻繁發生。 2025年7月，波蘭各地爆發反移民遊行，引發左翼團體的強烈抗議。波蘭政府於2025年7月對德國和立陶宛實施邊境管制，反映出持續的移民緊張局勢。訪問期間請關注當地媒體，並避開抗議活動區域，因為局勢可能迅速升級。
應避免的區域
出於安全考慮，請避開靠近烏克蘭和白俄羅斯邊境的地區。飛彈碎片曾落入邊境地區，目前已加強安全措施，包括設置實體屏障和軍事部署。華沙的Praga Polnoc街區，尤其是北部地區，犯罪率較高。天黑後請避開華沙Krolikarnia公園附近的Mokotow地區。克拉科夫的新胡塔區以暴力犯罪聞名。山區度假小鎮扎科帕內的犯罪指數為43.7，為波蘭最高，主要原因是小偷小摸、扒手和針對遊客的詐騙。在大城市的地標、交通樞紐和交通樞紐附近要特別小心，因為這些地方是扒手和詐騙分子聚集的地方。避開非官方計程車站，尤其是在華沙機場，那裡的無證司機收費過高，有些司機甚至與襲擊事件有關。避開高速公路沿線的成人娛樂場所，這些場所往往是犯罪和賣淫活動的前線。一些旅遊區的酒吧和俱樂部會採取激進的手段向顧客收取過高的費用。波蘭東部雖然整體上比較安全，但與大城市相比，英語使用者較少，基礎設施也有限。在比什恰迪山區等偏遠地區，農村地區的公共交通和手機訊號覆蓋有限。
