Azerbaijan
關於Azerbaijan
| 貨幣 | Azerbaijani manat (AZN) |
| 語言 | Azerbaijani (Azeri) |
| 資本金 | Baku |
The Republic of Azerbaijan is located in Southwest Asia between Iran and Russia and borders the Caspian Sea. The president is the chief of state, while the prime minister is the head of government. Although striving to be a democratic nation and an emerging energy producer, political and economic corruption has plagued this young, oil-rich nation.
Previously part of the Soviet Union, the Republic of Azerbaijan became an independent nation for a brief period from 1918 to 1920, then collapsed again into the Soviet Union until 1991 when it achieved independence for the second time. In 1988, tensions arose between the ethnic Armenian people living in the Nagorno-Karabakh region of Azerbaijan and the Azerbaijani people. This led to the leaders of Nagorno-Karabakh declaring the region an independent Armenian republic. By 1992, tensions turned into violent conflict in this region, with Armenian forces attempting to secure the region between Karabakh and Armenia. Although a ceasefire agreement was signed in 1994, with the Armenian people in control of the Nagorno-Karabakh territory, tension remains along this border.
Azerbaijan has an estimated 9.6 million people (2016). The major religion is Islam. Azerbaijan means “land of fire”, referring to the land fires that occur because of the abundant natural gas and oil deposits in the country. Azerbaijan also boasts the world’s first oil well.
Azerbaijan的建議疫苗接種
對於大多數旅行者
乙肝疫苗
There is a risk of infection with hepatitis B for this country, therefore, the vaccination is recommended.
甲型肝炎疫苗
There is a risk of exposure to hepatitis A in this country, therefore, the vaccination is recommended.
對於一些旅行者
卡介苗芽孢桿菌（BCG）疫苗
BCG vaccine is recommended for unvaccinated, at risk travellers and children under 16 years of age. A tuberculin skin test is required prior to administering the BCG vaccine
麻疹，腮腺炎，風疹（MMR）疫苗
There is a risk of exposure to Measles in this country, therefore, the measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine is recommended.
傷寒疫苗
There is a risk of exposure to typhoid fever in this country through consumption of unsafe food and water. Since exposure to unsafe sources is variable within this country, the vaccination against typhoid fever is generally recommended, especially when visiting smaller cities, rural areas, or staying with friends and family.
狂犬病疫苗
Vaccination against rabies is recommended for travellers involved in outdoor activities (e.g., adventure travellers, and cavers) who may have direct contact with rabid dogs, bats, and other mammals. Those with occupational risks (such as veterinarians, wildlife professionals, researchers) and long-term travellers and expatriates are at higher risk and should be vaccinated.
Azerbaijan的推薦藥物
目前沒有針對Azerbaijan的建議。
Azerbaijan要注意的疾病
對於大多數旅行者
Hepatitis A
There is a risk of exposure to hepatitis A virus in this country through contaminated food or water.
Hepatitis B
There is a risk for acquiring hepatitis B in this country.
對於一些旅行者
Measles
There is a risk of acquiring Measles in this country.
Leishmaniasis
There is a risk of acquiring Leishmaniasis in this country through sand fly bites, particularly between dusk to dawn. Adventure tourists, outdoor athletes, or humanitarian aid workers are at a higher risk.
Tuberculosis
Travellers to this country are at risk for tuberculosis if visiting sick friends or family, working in the healthcare field, or having close prolonged contact with the infected persons**.**
Rabies
Rabies occurs in this country. Travellers involved in outdoor activities (e.g., campers, hikers, bikers, adventure travellers, and cavers) may have direct contact with rabid dogs, bats, and other mammals. Those with occupational risks (such as veterinarians, wildlife professionals, researchers) and long-term travellers and expatriates are at higher risk.
Typhoid Fever
Unvaccinated people can become infected through contaminated food and water in Azerbaijan, especially when visiting smaller cities, villages, or rural areas where water and food may not be safe.
Azerbaijan中的安全性
人身安全
2024 年，阿塞拜疆的犯罪率與 2023 年相比下降了 21.7%。巴庫的犯罪率總體保持在較低水平，但仍可能發生小偷小摸和搶包事件，尤其是在天黑後繁忙地區。攜帶大量現金或貴重物品時風險會增加。 ATM 卡盜刷和信用卡詐欺仍然令人擔憂。據報道，巴庫的酒吧和夜總會有飲料下藥的情況，這會使您面臨更高的盜竊風險。警方有時會檢查身分證件，因此請隨時攜帶護照。針對外國人的暴力犯罪很少見，但曾有入室盜竊、搶劫和襲擊等事件的報告。天黑後行走時要小心，尤其是在酒店和居民區附近。非正規計程車司機可能會多收錢或欺騙乘客。使用 Bolt 或 Uber 等叫車應用程序，或透過飯店預訂計程車。
極端暴力
2019 年、2020 年以及最近幾年，阿塞拜疆沒有發生過恐怖事件，但威脅等級仍然存在。當局已展現出發現和預防恐怖活動的能力。近年來，執法部門搗毀了幾個與蓋達組織、高加索酋長國和伊斯蘭國有聯繫、計劃在亞塞拜然發動攻擊的恐怖組織。近 1,000 名阿塞拜疆國民前往敘利亞和伊拉克加入伊斯蘭國或其他恐怖組織，約 150 人返回並被起訴。近代史上最重大的恐怖事件是 1994 年巴庫地鐵爆炸案，造成 14 人死亡，49 人受傷。 2008 年對一座清真寺的襲擊造成 2 人死亡，17 人受傷。政府將 52 個組織指定為恐怖組織，包括蓋達組織、伊斯蘭國、努斯拉陣線和庫德工人黨。外國大使館可能偶爾會因安全問題而關閉，恐怖分子可能會將外國人經常光顧的地方作為攻擊目標，包括飯店、餐廳、交通樞紐和市場。
政治動盪
阿塞拜疆的政治局勢總體平靜，但示威和反對派集會時有發生。 2020年7月，巴庫爆發了3萬至5萬人參與的抗議活動，這是多年來規模最大的示威活動。抗議活動可能演變成暴力事件，警方有時會使用武力驅散示威者。 2023年6月，防暴警察強行驅散了索尤德魯村反對金礦的抗議活動，使用催淚瓦斯和暴力，造成數十人受傷。警方連續數週限制進入該村，並拘留了記者。 2023年3月，女權活動人士組織抗議活動，要求對暴力侵害婦女行為追究責任。政府實際上全面禁止了巴庫市中心的抗議活動。阿塞拜疆嚴格限制集會自由，當局繼續監禁參與和平抗議活動的人。 2023年的環保抗議活動導致多人被捕。請避免參加大型公共集會和外國人可能聚集的場所。在任何安全事件發生時，請遵循地方政府的建議。
應避免的區域
由於潛在的武裝衝突、間歇性槍聲和地雷，請避開與亞美尼亞接壤的邊境地區以及亞美尼亞-阿塞拜疆邊境 5 公里範圍內的地區。請勿前往納戈爾諾-卡拉巴赫及其周邊地區，包括克爾巴賈爾、拉欽、庫巴德利、曾吉蘭、賈布拉伊爾、富祖利、霍賈萬德、舒沙、霍賈利、漢肯迪、阿格達姆和塔爾塔爾等地區。 2023 年 9 月的軍事行動後，阿塞拜疆控制了納戈爾諾-卡拉巴赫，但該地區各地仍存在未標記的地雷，基礎設施有限。未經阿塞拜疆當局許可，進入阿塞拜疆西南部某些地區屬於非法行為。如果發現未爆炸的武器或地雷，請勿靠近或觸摸，並撥打 102 或 112 通知當局。與亞美尼亞的邊境仍然關閉。與俄羅斯（達吉斯坦）、喬治亞和伊朗的陸地邊界暫時對外國人關閉。前往這些地區旅行需要專業的安全建議。如果您的護照上有納戈爾諾-卡拉巴赫的簽證或印章，您可能會被拒絕入境阿塞拜疆。
