Equatorial Guinea

Equatorial Guinea的建議疫苗接種

對於大多數旅行者

甲型肝炎疫苗

There is a significant risk of exposure to hepatitis A for this country, therefore, the vaccination is recommended. Infants 6 to 11 months old should also be vaccinated against the disease.

乙肝疫苗

There is a significant risk of infection with hepatitis B for this country, therefore, the vaccination is recommended.

對於一些旅行者

麻疹，腮腺炎，風疹（MMR）疫苗

One dose of measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) is recommended to infants 6 to 11 months prior to international travel.

卡介苗芽孢桿菌（BCG）疫苗

A BCG vaccine is recommended for all unvaccinated adults and children under 16 years of age, staying in the country for more than 3 months. A tuberculin skin test is required prior to administering vaccination for all children from 6 years of age.

黃熱病疫苗

A yellow fever vaccination certificate is required for travellers over 6 months of age arriving from countries with risk of yellow fever transmission. Vaccination is recommended for all travellers 9 months of age and older.

傷寒疫苗

There is a risk of exposure to typhoid fever in this country through consumption of unsafe food and water. Since exposure to unsafe sources is variable within this country, the vaccination against typhoid fever is generally recommended, especially when visiting smaller cities or rural areas, where food and water sources may be contaminated.

霍亂疫苗

The U.K. NaTHNaC recommends the oral cholera vaccine for some travellers whose activities or medical history put them at increased risk, travelling to areas of active cholera transmission. These risk factors include: aid workers; those going to areas of cholera outbreaks who have limited access to potable water and medical care; travellers for whom the vaccination would be considered potentially beneficial, such as chronic medical conditions. The U.S. CDC recommends the cholera vaccine for travellers who are 18-64 years of age and who plan to travel to areas of active cholera transmission. CDC notes that most travellers do not travel to areas of active cholera transmission, and that safe food and water practices can prevent many cholera infections.

狂犬病疫苗

Vaccination against rabies is recommended for travellers involved in outdoor activities (e.g., campers, hikers, bikers, adventure travellers, and cavers) who may have direct contact with rabid dogs, bats, and other mammals. Those with occupational risks (such as veterinarians, wildlife professionals, researchers) and long-term travellers and expatriates are at higher risk should be vaccinated.

Equatorial Guinea的推薦藥物

對於一些旅行者

抗瘧藥

Recommended anti-malaria medications include atovaquone-proguanil, mefloquine or doxycycline. Resistance to chloroquine and sulfadoxime-pyrimethamine has been reported.

Equatorial Guinea要注意的疾病

對於大多數旅行者

Hepatitis A

There is a significant risk for hepatitis A virus exposure in Equatorial Guinea through contaminated food or water.

Hepatitis B

There is a significant risk for acquiring hepatitis B in Equatorial Guinea.

Dengue Fever

Outbreaks of dengue fever may occur.

Cholera

Cholera outbreaks occur in Equatorial Guinea. The risk to travellers is low unless living or working in poor sanitary conditions, drinking untreated water or eating poorly cooked or raw seafood in this country.

Chikungunya Fever

Chikungunya fever has occurred in this country.

對於一些旅行者

Measles

There is a risk of exposure to measles in the country.

Hanta Virus

There is a risk of acquiring hantavirus in Equitorial Guinea through contaminated food or by coming into contact with someone infected with the virus.

Crimean-Congo Haemorrhagic Fever

There is a risk of Crimean-Congo Haemorrhagic fever in Equitorial Guinea.

African Tick Bite Fever

There is an increased risk of this disease in this country.

West Nile Fever

The virus is transmitted to animals, birds and humans by mosquitoes. Symptoms include fever, headache, tiredness, body aches, nausea, and skin rash.

Rift Valley Fever (RVF)

Commonly spread via contact with domesticated animals infected with the virus. These include cattle, buffalo, sheep, goats, and camels, among others.

Leishmaniasis

There is a risk of acquiring Leishmaniasis in the country. The infection is transmitted by the bite of infected phlebotomine sandfly.

Malaria

All areas of Equatorial Guinea are at high risk for malaria.

Sleeping Sickness (Type 1)

African trypanosomiasis (“sleeping sickness”) occurs in this country. Travellers to urban areas are not at risk.

Yellow Fever

There is a risk for yellow fever transmission in this country. This country requires a yellow fever vaccination certificate for travellers over 6 months of age arriving from countries with risk of yellow fever transmission.

Typhoid Fever

Unvaccinated people can become infected through contaminated food and water in Equatorial Guinea, especially when visiting smaller cities, villages, or rural areas where food and water sources may be contaminated.

Schistosomiasis

This disease is present in Equatorial Guinea and is acquired through contact with fresh water, such as swimming, bathing, or rafting. Well-chlorinated swimming pools and contact with saltwater in oceans or seas will not put travellers at risk for schistosomiasis.

Tuberculosis

Tuberculosis occurs in Equatorial Guinea. Travellers are at risk for tuberculosis if visiting sick friends or family, working in the health care field, or having close prolonged contact with the general population.

Rabies

Rabies occurs in Equatorial Guinea. Travellers involved in outdoor activities (e.g., campers, hikers, bikers, adventure travellers, and cavers) may have direct contact with rabid dogs, bats, and other mammals. Those with occupational risks (such as veterinarians, wildlife professionals, researchers) and long-term travellers and expatriates are at higher risk.

Equatorial Guinea中的安全性

人身安全

赤道幾內亞各地輕微犯罪頻傳，偷竊和扒竊行為主要針對遊客和外籍人士。武裝搶劫、行兇搶劫和劫車等暴力犯罪尤其常見於馬拉博和巴塔，入夜後以及城鎮偏遠或貧困地區的風險更高。據報道，這兩座城市都發生過針對計程車乘客的搶劫和暴力攻擊事件，尤其是在夜間。外國人有時會成為犯罪者的特定目標。當地警方缺乏有效應對犯罪報告（即使是嚴重犯罪）的資源。任意拘留是一個令人擔憂的問題，有些旅客被關押數週或更長時間，而大使館卻無法提供協助保證釋放他們。警察和軍隊在全國各地設置路障，您可能會被要求出示身份證明並解釋您在該地區的原因。不遵守規定可能會導致被拘留。據報道，路障處的保安部隊經常要求賄賂。拍攝政府大樓、軍事設施、機場、港口和總統府都是違法的，可能會導致官員逮捕、拘留或勒索。

極端暴力

與許多非洲鄰國相比，赤道幾內亞的暴力犯罪率相對較低，但武裝搶劫、行兇搶劫、劫車和攻擊事件時有發生。暴力犯罪威脅程度中等，馬拉博、巴塔和農村地區的風險更高。如果受害者反抗，犯罪者可能會使用武力。該國近期沒有發生恐怖主義事件，但也不能排除發生攻擊的可能性。人口販運是一個嚴重的問題，該國既是強迫勞動和性交易的來源地，也是目的地。婦女和女孩遭受性交易，男性、女性和兒童遭受強迫勞動的剝削，尤其是在馬拉博、巴塔和蒙戈莫等城市。幾內亞灣的海盜和武裝搶劫問題仍然令人擔憂。海盜和武裝團體通常使用自動武器襲擊船隻，在海岸線附近和公海綁架勒索贖金以及搶劫船員、乘客和船舶財產的情況屢見不鮮。該國政府長期以來一直侵犯人權，包括任意拘留、系統性地對囚犯施以酷刑，以及安全部隊肆無忌憚地使用暴力。安全部隊對政治抗議活動反應迅速，甚至有報導稱，有人在拘留期間因酷刑而死亡。

政治動盪

近年來，政局平靜，但警察、軍隊或安全部隊對街頭的任何政治抗議活動都迅速做出反應。自1979年以來，總統特奧多羅·奧比昂·恩圭馬·姆巴索戈一直控制著政府所有部門。在2022年的選舉中，執政黨在包括恐嚇選民在內的嚴重違規行為中獲得了超過99%的選票。政府頻繁拘留反對派政客，打壓民間團體，並審查記者。言論、結社和集會自由受到嚴重限制。 2024年7月，安諾本島居民抗議據稱採礦作業對其土地造成的破壞，導致30多人被捕，手機和網路服務被切斷數週。少數尋求解決人權問題的當地活動人士面臨恐嚇、騷擾和報復。該國沒有合法註冊的獨立人權組織。政治集會和抗議活動時有發生，但應避免，因為它們可能難以預測。示威活動和大型公眾集會經常遭到政府阻撓，組織者甚至被逮捕。如果您捲入商業糾紛，當局可能會阻止您出境，而且也曾發生過外國公司的外籍員工被長期禁足在國內的情況。

應避免的區域

為降低犯罪風險，請避免夜間在馬拉博和巴塔附近行走或天黑後駕車。應始終避免前往兩座城市的偏僻或貧困地區。城鎮的偏遠地區風險更大，尤其是在天黑之後。出於安全考慮，包括普遍存在的酒後駕駛和道路照明不穩定，不建議天黑後駕車。農村地區的道路通常未鋪砌且維護不善，不適合高速行駛。在三月至十一月的雨季，道路可能會因洪水和山崩而無法通行，尤其是在農村地區。由於手機訊號覆蓋有限、地形崎嶇以及車輛故障風險，請避免越野或在偏僻地區行駛。邊境地區可能會在未經通知的情況下關閉。與喀麥隆的里奧坎波邊境並非一直開放，且法規經常變化。軍事設施標示不清，人員配置也不穩定，尤其是在偏僻地區。由於商業船舶可能遭受武裝攻擊，因此在幾內亞灣航行需格外小心。