Falkland Islands
關於Falkland Islands
| 貨幣 | Falklands Pound (FKP) |
| 語言 | English |
| 資本金 | Stanley |
The Falkland Islands are a British Overseas Territory in the South Atlantic Ocean on the Patagonian Shelf. The main islands are about 300 miles (483 kilometres) east of Southern Argentina and include East Falkland, West Falkland, as well as 776 smaller islands. The population of 3,398 (2016) inhabitants is primarily native-born Falkland Islanders, and the majority are of British descent.
The Falkland Islands are self-governing. The head of state is the reigning monarch of the United Kingdom, represented by a governor. The governor appoints a chief executive who serves as the head of government. The United Kingdom is responsible for foreign affairs and defence.
The French established Port Louis on East Falkland in 1764 but ceded its claims to Spain in 1766. The British settled West Falkland in 1765 but were driven off by the Spanish in 1770.
There is a question as to whether Spain’s claim to the Falkland Islands actually passed to Argentina at some point. Both Argentina and the United Kingdom have some historical precedent for claiming the Falklands. British sovereignty is solidified by the British victory in 1982, coupled with the popular referendum in which the population voted to remain a British territory.
Cruise ships bring the largest number of tourists to the islands. The biggest attraction is the unspoiled wildlife. The Falklands boast over 200 species of birds, 4 species of seals, 5 species of penguins, along with whales and dolphins.
Falkland Islands的建議疫苗接種
對於大多數旅行者
乙肝疫苗
There is a risk of infection with hepatitis B for this country, therefore, the vaccination is recommended.
甲型肝炎疫苗
There is a risk of exposure to hepatitis A in this country, therefore, the vaccination is recommended.
對於一些旅行者
麻疹，腮腺炎，風疹（MMR）疫苗
A dose of Measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine is recommended for infants aged 6 to 11 months.
狂犬病疫苗
Vaccination against rabies is recommended for travellers whose activities or employment may bring them into direct contact with bats (i.e. adventure travellers, veterinarians, wildlife professionals, researchers, etc.).
傷寒疫苗
There is a risk of exposure to typhoid fever in this country through consumption of unsafe food and water. Since exposure to unsafe sources is variable within this country, the vaccination against typhoid fever is generally recommended, especially when visiting smaller cities, rural areas, or staying with friends and family.
Falkland Islands的推薦藥物
目前沒有針對Falkland Islands的建議。
Falkland Islands要注意的疾病
對於大多數旅行者
Hepatitis A
There is a risk of exposure to hepatitis A virus in this country through contaminated food or water.
Hepatitis B
There is a risk for acquiring hepatitis B in this country.
對於一些旅行者
Tuberculosis
Travellers to this country are at risk for tuberculosis if visiting sick friends or family, working in the healthcare field, or having close prolonged contact with a sick person.
Hanta Virus
There is a risk of acquiring Hantavirus in this country through the consumption of food and water contaminated by an infected rodent or through rodent bites.
Measles
There is a risk of acquiring Measles in this country.
Rabies
The Falkland Islands is free of dog rabies. However, it may be present in bats. Those with occupational risks (such as veterinarians, wildlife professionals, researchers) may be at risk.
Typhoid Fever
Unvaccinated people can become infected through contaminated food and water in this country, especially when visiting smaller cities, villages, or rural areas where water and food may not be safe.
Falkland Islands中的安全性
人身安全
福克蘭群島的犯罪率極低。無論白天或夜晚，所有居民和遊客在史丹利漫步都是安全的。這裡從未發生過扒手事件，個人物品被竊也極為罕見。當地約有3000名居民，社區凝聚力強，很少發生暴動。但環境因素帶來的風險大於犯罪風險。天氣狀況瞬息萬變，因此請穿著多層衣物和防水裝備，做好一天應對多個季節變化的準備。與野生動物接觸需要保持適當的距離，尤其是在企鵝和海豹棲息地附近。雖然英國已於2020年完成掃雷工作，但未爆炸的彈藥偶爾仍會被沖上海灘。如有任何可疑物品，請立即向福克蘭群島皇家警察局報告。主要的危險源自於低估天氣、無視野生動物保護規定或誤判道路狀況，而非安全威脅。
極端暴力
福克蘭群島沒有恐怖主義歷史，暴力犯罪幾乎不存在。無論您的背景如何，人身攻擊、仇恨犯罪和暴力衝突都極為罕見。居民和遊客都報告暴力事件發生頻率極低。近年來沒有發生影響旅行者的重大極端暴力事件。這些島嶼保持和平的環境，沒有極端主義活動，沒有武裝團體，也沒有暴力政治運動的歷史。群島現代史上唯一的暴力衝突是 1982 年阿根廷和英國之間的戰爭，這場戰爭已於 40 多年前結束。那場衝突並沒有給今天的遊客留下任何持續的安全隱憂。不存在與毒品有關的暴力事件。芒特普萊森特的英國小型軍事基地作為標準的防禦要塞運作，不會對旅客造成任何困擾。
政治動盪
福克蘭群島作為英國海外領土，政局穩定，國內無政治動亂。目前無任何政黨存在，立法議會議員均為獨立人士。每四年舉行一次和平選舉。民眾強烈支持英國繼續擁有主權。 2013年的全民公投中，99.8%的選民選擇繼續作為英國海外領土。英國和阿根廷之間持續的主權爭端引發了外交緊張局勢，但並未為遊客帶來實際風險。阿根廷繼續宣稱對這些島嶼擁有主權，總統哈維爾·米萊伊在2024年稱這些島嶼為非法佔領，但這種言論並未轉化為任何影響遊客的行動。島上沒有發生抗議、示威或內亂。地方政府在公眾的全力支持下高效運作。芒特普萊森特的居民與英國軍隊之間的關係依然融洽。您在訪問期間不會遇到任何政治動盪。
應避免的區域
自2020年11月起，所有1982年衝突留下的雷區均已清除，島嶼宣布無雷。然而，未爆炸的武器仍可能偶爾被沖上主要戰場和海灘。如果發現任何可疑彈藥，請立即聯繫福克蘭群島皇家警察局，切勿觸碰。史丹利以外的偏遠地區需要做好充分準備，因為這裡地處偏遠而非危險。首都以外沒有人行道，只有車輛在崎嶇不平、長滿草木、偶爾泥濘的地形上行駛。目前，大多數島嶼都有手機訊號，但部分地區仍有訊號中斷。前往偏遠地區時，請務必告知他人您的計劃和預計返回時間。偏遠地區天氣變化迅速。請攜帶足夠的食物、水、急救用品和導航工具。野生動物保護區要求您與企鵝群和海豹族群保持適當距離。芒特普萊森特軍事設施需要攝影許可。所有平民區均不對遊客開放，但私人農地需獲得土地所有者的許可才能進入。
