Guinea-Bissau

Guinea-Bissau的建議疫苗接種

對於大多數旅行者

乙肝疫苗

There is a significant risk of infection with hepatitis B for this country, therefore, the vaccination is recommended.

甲型肝炎疫苗

There is a significant risk of exposure to hepatitis A for this country, therefore, the vaccination is recommended.

對於一些旅行者

霍亂疫苗

**The U.K. NaTHNaC recommends the oral cholera vaccine for some travellers whose activities or medical history put them at increased risk, travelling to areas of active cholera transmission. These risk factors include: aid workers; those going to areas of cholera outbreaks who have limited access to potable water and medical care; travellers for whom the vaccination would be considered potentially beneficial, such as chronic medical conditions.**

狂犬病疫苗

Vaccination against rabies is recommended for travellers involved in outdoor activities (e.g., campers, hikers, bikers, adventure travellers, and cavers) who may have direct contact with rabid dogs, bats, and other mammals. Those with occupational risks (such as veterinarians, wildlife professionals, researchers) and long-term travellers and expatriates are at higher risk and should be vaccinated.

黃熱病疫苗

A yellow fever vaccination certificate is required for all arriving travellers 1 year of age and older. However, the vaccination is recommended for all travellers 9 months of age and older.

腦膜炎疫苗

Because this country is located in the sub-Saharan meningitis belt, vaccination against meningitis is recommended if travelling during the dry season (December to June).

傷寒疫苗

There is a risk of exposure to typhoid fever in this country through consumption of unsafe food and water. Since exposure to unsafe sources is variable within this country, the vaccination against typhoid fever is generally recommended, especially when visiting smaller cities or rural areas, where food and water sources may be contaminated.

Guinea-Bissau的推薦藥物

對於一些旅行者

抗瘧藥

**Recommended anti-malaria medications include atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, mefloquine or tafenoquine. Resistance to chloroquine has been reported.**

Guinea-Bissau要注意的疾病

對於大多數旅行者

Dengue Fever

Outbreaks of dengue fever may occur.

Hepatitis A

There is a significant risk for hepatitis A virus exposure in Guinea-Bissau through contaminated food or water.

Cholera

Cholera outbreaks occur in Guinea-Bissau. The risk to travellers is low unless living or working in poor sanitary conditions, drinking untreated water or eating poorly cooked or raw seafood in this country.

Chikungunya Fever

Chikungunya fever has occurred in this country.

Hepatitis B

There is a significant risk for acquiring hepatitis B in Guinea-Bissau.

對於一些旅行者

Malaria

All areas of Guinea-Bissau are at high risk for malaria.

Yellow Fever

There is a risk for yellow fever transmission in this country.

Tuberculosis

Tuberculosis occurs in Guinea-Bissau. Travellers to Guinea-Bissau are at risk for tuberculosis if visiting sick friends or family, working in the health care field, or having close prolonged contact with the general population.

Typhoid Fever

Unvaccinated people can become infected through contaminated food and water in Guinea-Bissau, especially when visiting smaller cities, villages, or rural areas where food and water sources may be contaminated.

African Tick Bite Fever

This disease may occur in the country.

Zika Fever

There is transmission of the Zika virus in this country.

Schistosomiasis

This disease is present in Guinea-Bissau and is acquired through contact with fresh water, such as swimming, bathing, or rafting. Well-chlorinated swimming pools and contact with saltwater in oceans or seas will not put travellers at risk for schistosomiasis.

Meningitis

Meningitis outbreaks may occur in Guinea-Bissau. Travellers who visit during the dry season (December to June) or expect to have prolonged contact with the local population are especially at risk.

Rabies

Rabies occurs in Guinea-Bissau. Travellers involved in outdoor activities (e.g., campers, hikers, bikers, adventure travellers, and cavers) may have direct contact with rabid dogs, bats, and other mammals. Those with occupational risks (such as veterinarians, wildlife professionals, researchers) and long-term travellers and expatriates are at higher risk.

Guinea-Bissau中的安全性

人身安全

外國人經常在比紹機場和班迪姆市場等關鍵地點成為攻擊目標，這些地方充斥著咄咄逼人的商販、乞丐和罪犯。扒手、搶手機和小偷小摸在首都各擁擠地區頻傳。當地警方缺乏快速應對嚴重犯罪的資源，因此您無法依賴快速的執法援助。由於公共照明不穩定或缺失，天黑後犯罪風險顯著增加。明達拉和雷諾街區犯罪率較高，需要格外小心。強烈不建議天黑後獨自行走。即使在白天，也要在公共場所、旅遊區和市場保持高度警覺。該國沒有美國大使館，有限的安全基礎設施意味著緊急服務人員訓練不足且資源不足。強烈建議購買醫療後送保險，因為醫療設施有限，尤其是在大城市以外。

極端暴力

幾內亞比紹近代沒有發生恐怖主義，但也不能排除發生攻擊的可能性。儘管 2016 年和 2019 年逮捕了兩名涉嫌與伊斯蘭馬格里布基地組織有聯繫的人員，但國內恐怖主義威脅仍然很低。幾內亞比紹參與了聯合國在馬利的維和行動，這可能使其成為區域恐怖組織的潛在目標。毒品販運猖獗，該國是可卡因從拉丁美洲運往歐洲的主要轉運點。高級軍事官員因販毒而面臨國際制裁。然而，與毒品有關的暴力事件通常局限於精英政治圈內，很少影響普通公民或遊客。與其他地方的可卡因之都不同，在比紹，與毒品交易有關的謀殺和暴力事件並不常見，而且即使發生暴力事件，也往往是政治性的，而不是街頭暴力。

政治動盪

自1974年獨立以來，幾內亞比索經歷了至少10次政變或未遂政變，只有一位民選總統完成了整個任期。 2022年2月，政府宮發生了一次未遂政變，造成11人死亡。 2023年11月，國民警衛隊與總統部隊發生衝突，造成至少兩人死亡，迫使總統解散國會。由於圍繞總統任期限制的爭議，原定於2024年11月舉行的選舉被推遲到2025年11月。過去的示威活動已升級為暴力事件，政治局勢依然動盪。不排除政府和軍事人員遭受進一步攻擊的可能性。安全部隊中政治緊張局勢持續存在，國民警衛隊聽命於政府，總統衛隊效忠總統。請避免參加所有示威活動、大型公眾集會以及前往軍事設施和政府大樓附近的地區。局勢可能在沒有任何預警的情況下惡化。請密切關注當地媒體以獲取政治發展的最新資訊。

應避免的區域

避免在塞內加爾邊境20公里範圍內通行，包括從聖多明哥斯到姆帕克的道路。卡薩芒斯叛軍在該邊境地區活動，該地區小型武器的擴散加劇了盜匪活動。從陸路穿越該邊境可能有危險。比紹境外仍有未爆炸彈藥和殺傷性地雷，尤其是在巴法塔、比翁博、奧約、基納拉和通巴利地區。雖然國家排雷中心宣布比紹已無地雷，但其他地區仍在繼續掃雷行動。請勿離開地方政府指定的道路和通道。比紹的明達拉和雷諾街區犯罪率較高，需要謹慎行事。首都中心的班迪姆市場吸引了專門針對外國人的犯罪者。前往比熱戈斯群島需要從大陸包機或搭船。避免乘坐獨木舟，因為這些傳統的獨木舟不安全。流經島嶼的複雜水流使航行條件十分危險。