Senegal

Senegal的建議疫苗接種

對於大多數旅行者

乙肝疫苗

There is a significant risk of infection with hepatitis B for this country, therefore, the vaccination is recommended.

甲型肝炎疫苗

There is a significant risk of exposure to hepatitis A for this country, therefore, the vaccination is recommended. Infants 6 to 11 months old should also be vaccinated against the disease.

對於一些旅行者

脊髓灰質炎疫苗

A single lifetime booster dose of Inactivated Polio Vaccine (IPV) is recommended for adults who received the routine polio vaccination series as children

麻疹，腮腺炎，風疹（MMR）疫苗

One dose of measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) is recommended to infants 6 to 11 months prior to international travel.

卡介苗芽孢桿菌（BCG）疫苗

A BCG vaccine is recommended for all unvaccinated adults and children under 16 years of age, staying in the country for more than 3 months. A tuberculin skin test is required prior to administering vaccination for all children from 6 years of age.

傷寒疫苗

There is a risk of exposure to typhoid fever in this country through consumption of unsafe food and water. Since exposure to unsafe sources is variable within this country, the vaccination against typhoid fever is generally recommended, especially when visiting smaller cities or rural areas, where food and water sources may be contaminated.

腦膜炎疫苗

Because this country is located in the sub-Saharan meningitis belt, vaccination against meningitis is recommended if travelling during the dry season (December to June).

黃熱病疫苗

There is a risk of transmission of yellow fever throughout Senegal. Senegal requires all international passengers to show proof of yellow fever vaccination. Travellers arriving without a yellow fever vaccination certificate will be required to receive the vaccination for yellow fever at the airport.

霍亂疫苗

The U.K. NaTHNaC recommends the oral cholera vaccine for some travellers whose activities or medical history put them at increased risk, travelling to areas of active cholera transmission. These risk factors include: aid workers; those going to areas of cholera outbreaks who have limited access to potable water and medical care; travellers for whom the vaccination would be considered potentially beneficial, such as chronic medical conditions.

狂犬病疫苗

Vaccination against rabies is recommended for travellers involved in outdoor activities (e.g., campers, hikers, adventure travellers, and cavers) who may have direct contact with rabid dogs, bats, and other mammals. Those with occupational risks (such as veterinarians, wildlife professionals, researchers) and long-term travellers and expatriates are at higher risk and should be vaccinated.

Senegal的推薦藥物

對於一些旅行者

抗瘧藥

Recommended anti-malaria medication includes atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline or mefloquine. Anti-malaria drug resistance for chloroquine is present.

Senegal要注意的疾病

對於大多數旅行者

Dengue Fever

Dengue fever outbreaks have occurred in Senegal. Severe dengue is rare in travelers.

Hepatitis B

There is a significant risk for acquiring hepatitis B in Senegal.

Chikungunya Fever

Chikungunya is a viral disease that occurs in Senegal. Outbreaks of this disease usually occur during the tropical rainy season, however, outbreaks can occur during the dry season as well.

Hepatitis A

There is a high risk for hepatitis A virus exposure in Senegal through contaminated food or water. Infection can still occur at tourist destinations and resorts.

Cholera

Cholera may occur in Senegal.

對於一些旅行者

Hanta Virus

There is a risk of acquiring hantavirus in Senegal through contaminated food or by coming into contact with someone infected with the virus.

Crimean-Congo Haemorrhagic Fever

There is a risk of Crimean-Congo Haemorrhagic fever in Senegal.

Measles

There is a risk of exposure to measles in the country.

African Tick Bite Fever

There is an increased risk of this disease in this country.

West Nile Fever

The virus is transmitted to animals, birds and humans by mosquitoes. Symptoms include fever, headache, tiredness, body aches, nausea, and skin rash.

Sleeping Sickness (Type 1)

African trypanosomiasis (“sleeping sickness”) occurs in this country. Symptoms include fatigue, high fever, headaches, and muscle aches. If not treated, the disease can cause death.

Rift Valley Fever (RVF)

Commonly spread via contact with domesticated animals infected with the virus. These include cattle, buffalo, sheep, goats, and camels, among others.

Schistosomiasis

The parasite that causes schistosomiasis is found in the country. Well-chlorinated swimming pools and contact with saltwater in oceans or seas will not put travellers at risk for schistosomiasis.

Polio

There is a risk of acquiring Polio in the country and is transmitted from one person to another when droplets from a sneeze or cough of an infected person gets into the mouth of another person.

Malaria

All areas are at risk for exposure to malaria.

Meningitis

Meningitis occurs in Senegal. Travellers who visit during the dry season or expect to have prolonged contact with the local population are especially at risk.

Tuberculosis

Travellers to Senegal are at risk for tuberculosis, including multi-drug resistant tuberculosis, if visiting friends or family, working in the health care field, or having close prolonged contact with the general population.

Yellow Fever

There is a risk of transmission of yellow fever throughout Senegal. Senegal requires all international passengers to show proof of yellow fever vaccination. Travellers arriving without a yellow fever vaccination certificate will be required to receive the vaccination for yellow fever at the airport.

Zika Fever

Zika fever may occur in this country.

Typhoid Fever

Unvaccinated people can become infected through contaminated food and water in Senegal, especially when visiting smaller cities, villages, or rural areas, where food and water sources may be contaminated.

Leishmaniasis

Leishmaniasis occurs in Senegal, especially in the northwest, and is usually more common in rural than urban areas. The risk of acquiring leishmaniasis is very low, however, the risk is increased in travellers who spend time outdoors in rural areas and at night, when sand flies typically feed.

Rabies

Rabies occurs in this country. Travellers involved in outdoor activities (e.g., campers, hikers, adventure travellers, and cavers) may have direct contact with rabid dogs, bats, and other mammals. Those with occupational risks (such as veterinarians, wildlife professionals, researchers) and long-term travellers and expatriates are at higher risk.

Senegal中的安全性

人身安全

扒手和搶劫包包等輕微犯罪在達卡時有發生，尤其是在人流密集的地區，例如獨立廣場、西濱海路、小濱海路餐飲區和高原區。首都的搶劫、入室盜竊和攻擊案件日益增多，有些案件還涉及武器。外國人經常光顧的飯店曾遭到持槍搶劫。街頭小販可能頑固不化，有時甚至具有攻擊性，尤其是在旅遊景點附近。您可能會面臨無證計程車司機濫收費用的風險，尤其是在機場。請提前透過您的住宿安排機場交通。達卡以外的犯罪率相對較低，但像玫瑰湖這樣的偏僻海灘在夜間可能會帶來危險。天黑後，土匪會在主要高速公路上活動，尤其是在中部和東部地區的恩迪烏姆和基迪拉之間以及基迪拉和坦巴昆達之間的道路上。請避免天黑後在高速公路上行駛。針對外國人的詐騙手段屢見不鮮，包括愛情騙局、商業提案以及要求支付簽證費的虛假工作邀約。冒牌計程車司機可能會假裝認識您，並收取過高的車費。請隨時攜帶護照或護照卡，因為塞內加爾法律要求提供有效身分證明。任何不配合並提供證明文件的人都可能被當局拘留。

極端暴力

塞內加爾境內尚未發生恐怖攻擊，但政府將恐怖主義視為首要安全威脅。包括「支持伊斯蘭與穆斯林」（JNIM）和「伊斯蘭國薩赫勒省」在內的恐怖組織在鄰國馬利活動，並在靠近塞內加爾邊境的馬里卡伊地區發動攻擊，該地距離塞內加爾不到40英里。風險源自於薩赫勒地區的不穩定局勢，尤其是馬利、茅利塔尼亞、尼日、查德和布吉納法索。由於邊境管控不嚴，邊境漏洞百出，邊境地區十分脆弱。恐怖活動可能蔓延至塞內加爾靠近馬利的東部邊境地區。邊境地區有綁架威脅，英國公民、遊客、人道工作者、記者和商務旅客都被視為合法目標。卡薩芒斯民主力量運動（MFDC）分離主義組織歷來在卡薩芒斯南部地區活動，儘管暴力衝突已減少。武裝匪徒偶爾在卡薩芒斯進行武裝搶劫，該地區還受到先前衝突遺留的地雷的困擾。自1990年以來，卡薩芒斯已有1,000多人死於地雷。在遠離主幹道的偏遠地區，尤其是幾內亞比紹邊境沿線，地雷仍然是一個令人擔憂的問題。選擇人流量大的路線和鋪砌道路行駛，可以顯著降低風險。

政治動盪

政治抗議和示威在塞內加爾很常見，尤其是在政府大樓和公共區域附近。 2021年至2024年間，反對派領袖奧斯曼·松科被捕引發的抗議活動演變成暴力事件，造成至少65人死亡，1,000多人受傷。 2023年6月，松科被定罪後，至少有23人在抗議活動中喪生。 2024年2月，麥基·薩勒總統延後總統選舉後，抗議活動爆發，造成至少3人死亡。安全部隊使用了包括實彈和催淚瓦斯在內的過度武力。達卡和其他城市的多個街區可能發生騷亂。抗議活動有時會阻塞主要道路，包括布萊斯·迪亞涅國際機場和達喀爾之間的路線。在騷亂期間，行動網路和社群媒體存取（包括Facebook、WhatsApp和Twitter）可能會在未經通知的情況下暫停。外國公民因參加未經政府批准的抗議活動而被起訴。示威活動通常發生在周五下午，並且可能迅速升級。避免參加所有政治集會和街頭示威活動。關注當地媒體，了解即將發生的抗議活動的資訊。如果您在達卡或其他大城市，一旦抗議活動開始，請儲備食物、水和燃料。如果您對抗議活動的地點或某個地區的安全等級有疑問，請留在住處。

應避免的區域

避開塞內加爾南部科爾達以西的卡薩芒斯地區，除非有直達斯基林角度假勝地的空中或海上交通，以及斯基林角和濟金紹爾之間的主幹道。武裝匪徒和分裂組織在這動盪地區零星活動。毛里求斯民主力量叛軍與政府軍之間的衝突仍在繼續，平民成為叛軍和匪徒的目標。數十年衝突留下的地雷仍然是卡薩芒斯各地的嚴重問題，尤其是在遠離主幹道的偏遠地區以及幾內亞比索邊境沿線。道路通常在夜間封閉，岡比亞邊境附近地區尤其危險。在與馬利接壤的東部邊境附近，特別是與馬里卡伊地區接壤的坦巴昆達和凱杜古地區，應提高警覺。來自馬裡的恐怖組織增加了在邊境附近的襲擊，造成安全壓力。由於恐怖主義和綁架風險，請避免前往與馬利和茅利塔尼亞接壤的偏遠邊境地區進行非必要旅行。官員可能會在毛里塔尼亞邊境口岸索要款項。恩迪奧姆和基迪拉之間的2號國道（RN2）以及基迪拉和坦巴昆達之間的1號國道經常發生土匪活動，尤其是在天黑之後。玫瑰湖（粉紅湖）旅遊區的偏僻海灘在夜間可能很危險。請結伴前往該地區，切勿獨自出遊。美國政府僱員禁止在天黑後前往卡薩芒斯的任何地方，並且必須與安全官員協調行程，通常需要結隊出行。