Cocos (Keeling) Islands
關於Cocos (Keeling) Islands
| 貨幣 | Australian Dollar (AUD) |
| 語言 | Malay (Cocos dialect), English |
| 資本金 | West Island |
The Cocos (Keeling) Islands are a group of 27 coral islands located in the Indian Ocean, halfway between Australia and Sri Lanka. Only two of the islands, West Island and Home Island, are inhabited. North Keeling Island is home to a national park. The population of the Cocos (Keeling) Islands is approximately 600 people (2014 estimate). Islam is the major religion on the islands and is practiced by most.
The Cocos (Keeling) Islands were first discovered in 1609 by the English Captain William Keeling. It wasn’t until the 1800s, however, that the islands were inhabited; the first settlers, of Chinese, Papuan and Indian heritage, were brought to the island to grow and harvest coconut. With this, the islands became important producers and exporters of copra (coconut kernels used to make coconut oil). In 1857, the islands were annexed by the UK and during World War Two, the Cocos (Keeling) Islands were under military administration. In 1955, the islands were transferred to the Australian government and became a non-self-governing Australian territory. The Queen/King of England is the chief of state, represented by the governor-general in Australia, and an administrator on the Cocos (Keeling) Islands is the head of government.
Due to its location, the islands experience a tropical climate with high humidity, warm temperatures year-round, and high rainfall (especially in March through July). Tropical cyclone season is October to April.
Recently named Australia’s Best Beach, Cossies Beach on Direction Island must be visited by those wanting to snorkel, dive, swim, or surf. With its lush palm tree jungles, diverse wildlife, white sandy beaches, and small tourist industry, the unspoiled Cocos (Keeling) Islands are a perfect destination for outdoor adventure travel.
Cocos (Keeling) Islands的建議疫苗接種
對於大多數旅行者
甲型肝炎疫苗
There is a risk of exposure to hepatitis A in this country, therefore, the vaccination is recommended.
乙肝疫苗
There is a risk of infection with hepatitis B for this country, therefore, the vaccination is recommended.
對於一些旅行者
狂犬病疫苗
Vaccination against rabies is recommended for travellers whose activities or employment may bring them into direct contact with bats (i.e. adventure travellers, veterinarians, wildlife professionals, researchers, etc.).
麻疹，腮腺炎，風疹（MMR）疫苗
A dose of Measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine is recommended for infants aged 6 to 11 months.
黃熱病疫苗
There is no yellow fever risk, but a yellow fever vaccination certificate is required for travellers over 1 year of age arriving from countries with risk of yellow fever transmission (except Galapagos Islands in Ecuador) and for travellers having transited for more than 12 hours through an airport of a country with risk of yellow fever transmission (with the same exceptions as mentioned above)
傷寒疫苗
There is a risk of exposure to typhoid fever in this country through consumption of unsafe food and water. Since exposure to unsafe sources is variable within this country, the vaccination against typhoid fever is generally recommended, especially when visiting smaller cities, rural areas, or staying with friends and family.
Cocos (Keeling) Islands的推薦藥物
目前沒有針對Cocos (Keeling) Islands的建議。
Cocos (Keeling) Islands要注意的疾病
對於大多數旅行者
Hepatitis A
There is a risk of exposure to hepatitis A virus in this country through contaminated food or water.
Hepatitis B
There is a risk for acquiring hepatitis B in this country.
Chikungunya Fever
Chikungunya fever may occur in this country.
對於一些旅行者
Measles
There is a risk of acquiring Measles in this country.
Hanta Virus
There is a risk of acquiring Hantavirus in this country through the consumption of food and water contaminated by an infected rodent or through rodent bites.
Typhoid Fever
Unvaccinated people can become infected through contaminated food and water in this country, especially when visiting smaller cities, villages, or rural areas where water and food may not be safe.
Yellow Fever
There is no yellow fever risk, but a yellow fever vaccination certificate is required for travellers over 1 year of age arriving from countries with risk of yellow fever transmission (except Galapagos Islands in Ecuador) and for travellers having transited for more than 12 hours through an airport of a country with risk of yellow fever transmission (with the same exceptions as mentioned above).
Cocos (Keeling) Islands中的安全性
人身安全
科科斯（基林）群島是安全的旅遊目的地。島上人口約 600 人，幾乎沒有針對遊客的犯罪行為，安全隱憂。暴力犯罪很少發生，但在擁擠地區可能會發生竊盜和扒竊等輕微犯罪。澳洲聯邦警察在島上設有一名警長和一名警員，負責執法。作為澳洲領土，科科斯（基林）群島政治穩定，近期沒有內亂或恐怖主義事件。西島和本島的醫療設施僅限於小型診所，配備一名全科醫生和四名護士，沒有醫院。如有嚴重健康問題，可能需要轉運至珀斯進行醫療救治。登革熱等蚊媒疾病可能會發生，因此建議使用驅蟲劑。由於地處偏遠，緊急服務非常有限，反應時間可能比市區更長。鑑於醫療基礎設施有限，旅遊保險必不可少。
極端暴力
科科斯（基林）群島幾乎沒有發生極端暴力事件。作為澳洲偏遠的領土，科科斯（基林）群島人口稀少，約600人，暴力犯罪罕見。目前沒有恐怖主義、武裝衝突或組織犯罪活動的通報。群島保持著穩定和平的環境，從未發生過針對遊客或居民的暴力事件。澳洲聯邦警察的存在確保了執法，但低犯罪率意味著嚴重干預並不常見。近期沒有綁架、攻擊或暴力搶劫的報告。最大的安全隱患與熱帶氣旋和海嘯等天災有關，而非人為威脅。島嶼的孤立性和牢固的社區凝聚力是極端暴力事件總體上不多的原因之一。
政治動盪
科科斯（基林）群島作為澳洲的外部領土，政治穩定。沒有政治動亂、內亂或抗議活動。自 1955 年以來，這些島嶼一直由澳洲管理。 1984 年，在聯合國監督的全民公投中，居民以壓倒性多數投票決定併入澳洲。澳洲法律適用於該領土，居民在澳洲議會中有代表。這些島嶼實行一院制郡議會，由七名成員組成，任期四年，負責地方治理。歷史上沒有發生示威、騷亂或政治暴力。少量的人口和強大的治理結構有助於政治穩定。雖然這些島嶼具有歷史意義，但目前沒有領土爭端或政治緊張局勢。遊客不應擔心因政治活動而受到干擾。唯一的治理討論涉及基礎設施發展和氣候變遷適應，而不是政治衝突。
應避免的區域
科科斯（基林）群島沒有特別需要遊客避開的危險區域。西島和霍姆島這兩個有人居住的島嶼對遊客來說都是安全的。北基林島無人居住，是普魯基林國家公園的一部分，該公園受到保護，未經特別許可，遊客通常不得進入。迪雷申島是受歡迎的一日遊目的地，雖然安全，但遊客仍需注意水上安全，因為那裡沒有海岸防衛隊。游泳或浮潛時，要注意強流，尤其是在迪雷申島的激流處，那裡只適合游泳能力強且佩戴腳蹼的人。整個潟湖都有淺水區和珊瑚露頭，因此在島嶼之間航行時需要小心。島上沒有蛇或危險的蜘蛛。但水中可能有鯊魚等野生動物出沒，因此請採取適當的預防措施。主要擔心的是自然災害，而不是犯罪或衝突。在氣旋季節（11月至隔年5月），熱帶氣旋可能帶來破壞性強風、暴雨和風暴潮，因此請密切注意天氣預報。由於島嶼地勢低窪，印度洋地區有地震引發海嘯的風險。
