Martinique
關於Martinique
| 貨幣 | Euro (EUR) |
| 語言 | French |
| 資本金 | Fort-de-France |
Martinique is one of the Windward Islands in the Caribbean Sea, south of St. Lucia. The island is an Overseas Department of France. The population is about 400,000 people, and they are French citizens. Since Martinique is a region of France, it is part of the European Union.
The government of Martinique consists of a General Council and the president of the General Council, and members are elected by popular vote. There is a Regional Council, also with a president, and members are also elected by popular vote. Martinique has two seats in the French Senate and has four seats in the French National Assembly.
The island was discovered by Christopher Columbus in 1502. French settlers arrived in Martinique in 1635, and France officially annexed the island in 1674. The people of Martinique are highly literate and mainly employed in the tourist sector. The culture is a blend of French and West Indian lifestyles. Tourists are attracted by the tropical climate, scenery, and beaches.
Martinique的建議疫苗接種
對於大多數旅行者
甲型肝炎疫苗
There is a risk of exposure to hepatitis A for this country, therefore, the vaccination is recommended.
乙肝疫苗
There is a risk of infection with hepatitis B for this country, therefore, the vaccination is recommended.
對於一些旅行者
黃熱病疫苗
The yellow fever vaccination is not recommended for this country. However, a yellow fever vaccination certificate is required for travellers 1 year of age and older arriving from countries with risk of yellow fever transmission and for travellers having transited more than 12 hours through an airport of a country with risk of yellow fever transmission.
狂犬病疫苗
Rabies may occur in bats in this country. Rabies vaccination is recommended for travellers who may come in contact with bats (i. e. cavers, adventure travellers, researchers, and anyone working with bats).
傷寒疫苗
There is a risk of exposure to typhoid fever in this country through consumption of unsafe food and water. Since exposure to unsafe sources is variable within this country, the vaccination against typhoid fever is generally recommended, especially when visiting smaller cities, rural areas, or staying with friends and family.
Martinique的推薦藥物
目前沒有針對Martinique的建議。
Martinique要注意的疾病
對於大多數旅行者
Hepatitis B
There is a risk for acquiring hepatitis B in Martinique.
Dengue Fever
There is a risk of dengue in Martinique.
Chikungunya Fever
Chikungunya fever has occurred in this country.
Hepatitis A
There is a risk for hepatitis A virus exposure in Martinique through contaminated food or water. Infection can still occur at tourist destinations and resorts.
對於一些旅行者
Typhoid Fever
Unvaccinated people can become infected through contaminated food and water in this country, especially when visiting smaller cities, villages, or rural areas where water and food may not be safe.
Yellow Fever
There is no risk of yellow fever transmission in this country. However, a yellow fever vaccination certificate is required for travellers 1 year of age and older arriving from countries with risk of yellow fever transmission and for travellers having transited more than 12 hours through an airport of a country with risk of yellow fever transmission.
Schistosomiasis
The parasite that causes schistosomiasis is found in rural areas of Martinique. It is acquired through contact with fresh water, such as swimming, bathing, or rafting. Well-chlorinated swimming pools and contact with saltwater in oceans or seas will not put travellers at risk for schistosomiasis.
Rabies
Rabies may be present in bats.
Zika Fever
There is a very low risk of Zika Fever in this country.
Martinique中的安全性
人身安全
馬提尼克島的犯罪率一直很低。扒手和搶包等輕微犯罪主要發生在法蘭西堡及其港口區。車輛失竊案也時有發生。天黑後請避開人跡罕至的海灘和偏僻地區。信用卡和ATM機的詐欺行為令人擔憂。針對遊客的暴力犯罪仍然極為罕見。 2024年9月和10月,該島因高昂的生活成本發生了暴力抗議活動,導致警察受傷,一人死亡。當局在法蘭西堡、勒拉芒坦、勒羅伯特和迪科斯實施了宵禁和抗議禁令。雖然這些抗議活動反映了當地的經濟緊張局勢,但通常不是針對遊客。出發前請先查看目前情況。
極端暴力
自 2023 年以來,馬提尼克島的槍支暴力事件急劇增加,這與毒品販運有關。 2024 年,共記錄了 29 起槍殺案,其中 17 起發生在 2025 年上半年。謀殺未遂案從 2023 年的 88 起躍升至 2024 年的 199 起,其中 94% 以上涉及槍支。可卡因繳獲量從 2023 年的 2.7 噸激增至 2024 年的 21.8 噸。此類暴力事件主要與組織犯罪和毒品網絡有關,而馬提尼克島則是可卡因販運的中繼站。暴力事件主要影響毒品交易參與者,而不是遊客。 2009 年的歷史數據顯示,該島的兇殺率為每 10 萬人 2.8 起,但最近的數據顯示情況顯著惡化。儘管全島暴力事件總體有所增加,但針對遊客的暴力犯罪仍然很少見。
政治動盪
2024 年 9 月,由於生活成本高昂,食品價格比法國本土高出 30% 至 42%,爆發了大規模抗議活動。 2024 年 10 月,示威活動愈演愈烈,涉及槍擊、搶劫、縱火、焚燒路障以及與警察的衝突。騷亂期間有一人死亡。當局在法蘭西堡、勒拉芒坦、勒羅伯特和迪科斯實施了從晚上 9 點到凌晨 5 點的宵禁,有效期至 2024 年 10 月。法國政府部署了已被禁止進入該島 65 年的防暴警察部隊。抗議活動的重點是經濟不平等和殖民遺留問題,包括十氯酮農藥醜聞。騷亂導致交通網絡、機場營運、企業和公共服務中斷。可能會發生示威和罷工,並可能演變成對抗。即使是和平抗議也可能升級為暴力事件。請避開發生示威和大型集會的地區。
應避免的區域
法蘭西堡有幾個街區需要謹慎,尤其是在夜間。伏爾加海灘 (Volga-Plage)、特雷內勒西特龍 (Trénelle-Citron)、德士古 (Texaco)、狄龍 (Dillon)、特雷斯聖維爾 (Terres Sainville)、戈迪薩爾 (Godissart)、沙托博夫 (Châteaubœuf) 和聖特蕾莎 (Sainte) 和聖特蕾莎在特蕾莎後上升。日落後,市中心的安全性會降低,尤其是在較安靜的小巷和港口附近。法蘭西堡較安全的住宅區包括克呂尼 (Cluny)、迪迪埃 (Didier)、克萊里耶爾 (Clairière) 和雷杜特 (Redoute)。在首都以外,拉芒坦 (Lamentin) 的工業區和港口需要在夜間格外小心。迪科斯 (Ducos) 和里維埃勒薩萊 (Rivière-Salée) 的路燈有限,下午 6 點後行人流量較少,因此不建議獨自出行的遊客夜間出行。通往莫爾訥魯日 (Morne-Rouge)、阿茹帕布永 (Ajoupa-Bouillon) 和莫爾訥韋爾 (Morne Vert) 的山路易發生滑坡、危險的溝壑,雨天能見度低。這些路線需要謹慎駕駛,尤其是不熟悉蜿蜒道路的駕駛者。避免在夜間駕駛這些山區路段。