Dominican Republic
關於Dominican Republic
| 貨幣 | Dominican peso (DOP) |
| 語言 | Spanish. English is also widely spoken. |
| 資本金 | Santo Domingo |
The Dominican Republic is located in the Caribbean on the island of Hispaniola. Haiti occupies the eastern part of the island. The population is approximately 9.9 million people. Spanish is the official language, but both Spanish and English are taught in schools. The Euro and US dollar are commonly accepted especially in tourist areas.
The Dominican government is a democratic republic with a president as chief of state and head of government. The country has a close relationship with the United States. which is its main trading partner. The US dollar is commonly used in most commercial transactions. The economy depends mainly on the service sector, tourism, natural resources, and government services. Despite being recognized as one of the largest economies in the Caribbean, unemployment and income inequality remain problems for this country.
Christopher Columbus reached this island in 1492 and established the first permanent European settlement in the Americas at Santo Domingo. Santo Domingo was the site of the first university, cathedral, and castle in the Western Hemisphere. The Dominican Republic is known for its all-inclusive beach resorts and has become the Caribbean’s most popular tourist destination. The country is also known for its love of baseball, friendly and hospitable people, and for its music and dance, particularly the merengue.
Dominican Republic的建議疫苗接種
對於大多數旅行者
乙肝疫苗
There is a significant risk of infection with hepatitis B for this country. Therefore, the vaccination is recommended.
甲型肝炎疫苗
There is a significant risk of exposure to hepatitis A for this country. Therefore, the vaccination is recommended.
對於一些旅行者
黃熱病疫苗
There is no risk of yellow fever in this country. However, this country requires travellers of 1 year of age and older to have proof of the yellow fever vaccination if arriving from the states of Mina Gerais, Espirito Santo, Sao Paulo, and Rio de Janeiro in Brazil. Travellers having transited for more than 12 hours through an airport of the mentioned states in Brazil also require a vaccination certificate.
傷寒疫苗
There is a risk of exposure to typhoid fever in this country through consumption of unsafe food and water. Since exposure to unsafe sources is variable within this country, the vaccination against typhoid fever is generally recommended, especially when visiting smaller cities, rural areas, or staying with friends and family.
狂犬病疫苗
Vaccination against rabies is recommended for travellers involved in outdoor activities (e.g., campers, hikers, bikers, adventure travellers, and cavers) who may have direct contact with rabid dogs, bats, and other mammals. Those with occupational risks (such as veterinarians, wildlife professionals, researchers) and long-term travellers and expatriates are at higher risk and should be vaccinated.
霍亂疫苗
The U.K. NaTHNaC recommends the oral cholera vaccine for some travellers whose activities or medical history put them at increased risk, travelling to areas of active cholera transmission. These risk factors include: aid workers; those going to areas of cholera outbreaks who have limited access to potable water and medical care; travellers for whom the vaccination would be considered potentially beneficial, such as chronic medical conditions. The U.S. CDC recommends the vaccination for children and adults who are travelling to areas of active cholera transmission. CDC notes that Cholera is rare in traveller and that safe food and water practices can prevent cholera infections.
Dominican Republic的推薦藥物
對於一些旅行者
抗瘧藥
Anti-malaria medication is recommended for travellers visiting the Dominican Republic, except for those who will stay within resorts and the cities of Santo Domingo and Santiago where the risk is very low. The U.S. CDC recommended medication includes atovaquone-proguanil, chloroquine, mefloquine and doxycycline. The WHO and NaTHNac recommend chloroquine only.
Dominican Republic要注意的疾病
對於大多數旅行者
Hepatitis B
There is a significant risk for acquiring hepatitis B in the Dominican Republic.
Dengue Fever
Dengue fever outbreaks occur in the Dominican Republic.
Cholera
Cholera occurs in this country.
Hepatitis A
There is a significant risk for hepatitis A virus exposure in the Dominican Republic through contaminated food or water. Infection can still occur at tourist destinations and resorts.
Chikungunya Fever
Chikungunya fever has occurred in this country.
對於一些旅行者
Zika Fever
There is transmission of the Zika virus in this country.
Yellow Fever
There is no risk of yellow fever in this country. However, this country requires travellers of 1 year of age and older to have proof of the yellow fever vaccination if arriving from the states of Mina Gerais, Espirito Santo, Sao Paulo, and Rio de Janeiro in Brazil. Travellers having transited for more than 12 hours through an airport of the mentioned states in Brazil also require a vaccination certificate.
Schistosomiasis
The parasite that causes schistosomiasis is found in the Dominican Republic. Well-chlorinated swimming pools and contact with saltwater in oceans or seas will not put travellers at risk for schistosomiasis.
Malaria
There is a significant risk of malaria transmission in the provinces near the border with Haiti and in the provinces (including resort areas) of La Altagracia, San Cristóbal, San Juan, and Santo Domingo. In other provinces, transmission is rare.
Typhoid Fever
Unvaccinated people can become infected through contaminated food and water in the Dominican Republic, especially when visiting smaller cities, villages, or rural areas and staying with friends or relatives.
Rabies
Rabies occurs in this country. Travellers involved in outdoor activities (e.g., campers, hikers, bikers, adventure travellers, and cavers) may have direct contact with rabid dogs, bats, and other mammals. Those with occupational risks (such as veterinarians, wildlife professionals, researchers) and long-term travellers and expatriates are at higher risk.
Tuberculosis
Tuberculosis occurs in this country. Travellers to this country are at risk for tuberculosis if visiting sick friends or family, working in the health care field, or having close prolonged contact with the general population.
Dominican Republic中的安全性
人身安全
全國犯罪率高，犯罪事件種類繁多，從伺機扒竊、搶包到更為嚴重的違法行為，不一而足。小偷小摸是遊客面臨的最常見威脅，尤其是在聖多明哥等繁忙的城區以及蓬塔卡納和普拉塔港等旅遊勝地。騎摩托車的竊賊通常會搶走行人的包包，有時還會將手伸進停在紅燈處的車輛內。武裝搶劫案曾在白天發生在居民區，即使看不到武器，攻擊者也可能持有武器。聖誕節和復活節等假日期間，犯罪率往往會上升。旅遊區受益於一支名為CESTUR的專門旅遊警察部隊，該部隊加強了度假區的安全。旅遊目的地的警力通常比大都會地區更強。然而，度假區以外的警方反應速度可能較慢，犯罪者很少被抓獲和起訴。如果被搶劫，請交出財物，不要反抗。卡克隆和身分盜竊有風險，因此請將支付卡放在視線範圍內或使用現金。約會應用程式詐騙已將訪客作為目標，已報告多起搶劫案。 ATM 機上的銀行詐騙也很常見。毒品犯罪的處罰很嚴厲，包括長期監禁，而且案件可能需要數年時間才能在司法系統中審理。
極端暴力
近年來，兇殺率持續下降，2023年約為每十萬居民12起兇殺案，連續第三年下降，2024年又較2023年下降16.4%，遠低於拉美和加勒比地區每十萬居民20起的平均水準。絕大多數兇殺案源自於鬥毆、激情殺人等社會衝突，只有約10.7%源自於組織犯罪活動。 2022年，全國僅有7起兇殺案發生在飯店，2起發生在海灘或河流。約65%的兇殺案使用槍枝。來自美國的軍火販運加劇了犯罪集團暴力，但毒品販運似乎並非該國暴力事件的主要驅動因素。旅遊中心比該國其他地區更安全。薩馬納等一些省份的兇殺率非常低，2024年初的兇殺率低至每十萬人4.3起。針對外國人的暴力犯罪，包括攻擊，偶爾會發生，但相對罕見。據報道，針對外國人的攻擊、強姦和性侵犯事件時有發生，包括在海灘度假村，有些案件涉及飯店員工或其他客人。
政治動盪
該國自1960年代初以來一直擁有穩定的民主制度，自那時起沒有發生暴力政治政變。政治示威活動會定期發生，尤其是在聖多明各，但通常不會影響度假區或旅遊區。抗議活動很常見，並受到憲法的保障，儘管有時會遭到警方的暴力驅散。 2020年2月，市政選舉因技術故障中止後，爆發了大規模抗議活動，示威者要求選舉透明和調查。這些抗議活動成為該國近代史上規模最大的民間社會示威活動。警方在這些活動中對示威者使用了催淚瓦斯。 2025年3月，警方試圖暴力鎮壓在獨立公園舉行的和平國際婦女節示威活動。抗議活動的爆發點包括國家宮、勞工部、教育部和最高法院等政府大樓外的區域。 2024年，抗議活動也因墮胎權和其他社會議題而發生。該國政府在全球和平指數中有所提升，接近和平評級高的國家。雖然示威活動頻繁，但暴力政治動盪並非當前擔憂。注意避免捲入示威活動或大型集會。
應避免的區域
出於對治安惡化、幫派暴力、走私活動和人口販賣的擔憂，請避免前往距離海地邊境10公里以內的地區，尤其是在達哈邦地區。邊境地區局勢極難預測，經常發生騷亂，並可能引發暴力事件。邊境附近通常無法提供緊急服務。與海地的陸地和海上邊界已對旅行者關閉。在聖多敏(Ensanche Quisqueya)、馬塔漢布雷 (Mata Hambre)、洛斯米特 (Los Mina)、埃爾塞米萊羅 (El Semillero)、阿羅約翁多 (Arroyo Hondo)、加茲庫 (Gazcue)、拉杜阿爾特 (La Duarte) 和大學區 (Zona Universitaria)。也請避開納科 (Naco) 和洛斯關杜萊斯 (Los Guandules)。在聖地牙哥，由於犯罪率高於平均水平，請遠離西恩富戈斯、洛斯薩拉多斯、哈托德爾亞克、拉亞吉塔德帕斯托爾和聖何塞德拉斯馬塔。蓬塔卡納、普拉塔港和拉羅馬納等旅遊區安全程度中等，但在人流密集的區域和海灘仍需保持警覺。聖多明哥的拉佐納殖民區、加茲庫埃和貝拉維斯塔對遊客來說相對安全。蓬塔卡納是全國犯罪率最低的地區之一。
