Malta
關於Malta
| 貨幣 | Euro (EUR) |
| 語言 | English; Maltese |
| 資本金 | Valletta |
The Republic of Malta is an island nation archipelago in the Mediterranean Sea, south of Sicily, Italy, with an area of 122 square miles. The Maltese archipelago consists of the islands of Malta, Gozo, Comino, Comminotto and Filfla. The government is a parliamentary republic with a president as chief of state and a prime minister as head of government. The population is about 415,200 people.
The island of Malta was first colonized by the Phoenicians and Carthaginians between 1000 and 600 BCE. Over the centuries, the country was ruled by Arabs and Normans. From 1814, Malta was part of the British empire and was an important naval base for the Allies. In 1964, Malta gained independence, and in 1974, became the Republic of Malta.
Malta has become a popular tourist destination and a destination for medical tourism. Travellers are attracted by the beaches, warm climate, opportunities for surfing and diving, and three UNESCO World Heritage Sites.
Malta的建議疫苗接種
對於大多數旅行者
乙肝疫苗
The hepatitis B vaccine is recommended
甲型肝炎疫苗
The hepatitis A vaccine is recommended.
對於一些旅行者
麻疹，腮腺炎，風疹（MMR）疫苗
A dose of Measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine is recommended for infants aged 6 to 11 months.
黃熱病疫苗
There is no risk of yellow fever in this country, however, a certificate of yellow fever vaccination is required from travellers 9 months of age and older arriving from countries with risk of yellow fever transmission and for travellers having transited for more than 12 hours through an airport of a country with risk of yellow fever transmission. If indicated on epidemiological grounds, infants under 9 months of age are subject to isolation or surveillance if coming from an area with risk of yellow fever transmission.
狂犬病疫苗
Travellers involved in outdoor and other activities that might bring them into direct contact with bats (such as adventure travellers and cavers), as well as travellers with occupational risks (such as veterinarians, wild life professionals and researchers), should consider the rabies vaccination.
Malta的推薦藥物
目前沒有針對Malta的建議。
Malta要注意的疾病
對於大多數旅行者
Hepatitis A
There is a risk of exposure to hepatitis A in Malta.
Hepatitis B
There is a risk of exposure to hepatitis B in Malta.
對於一些旅行者
Leishmaniasis
There is a risk of acquiring Leishmaniasis in this country through sand fly bites, particularly between dusk to dawn. Adventure tourists, outdoor athletes, or humanitarian aid workers are at a higher risk.
Measles
A dose of Measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine is recommended for infants aged 6 to 11 months.
Tuberculosis
Travellers to this country are at risk for tuberculosis if visiting sick friends or family, working in the healthcare field, or having close prolonged contact with an infected person.
Hanta Virus
There is a risk of acquiring Hantavirus in this country through the consumption of food and water contaminated by an infected rodent or through rodent bites.
Yellow Fever
There is no risk of yellow fever in this country, however, a certificate of yellow fever vaccination is required from travellers 9 months of age and older arriving from countries with risk of yellow fever transmission and for travellers having transited for more than 12 hours through an airport of a country with risk of yellow fever transmission. If indicated on epidemiological grounds, infants under 9 months of age are subject to isolation or surveillance if coming from an area with risk of yellow fever transmission.
Rabies
**Rabies has not been reported in Malta and is considered a low risk for travellers, However, it may occur in bats.**
Malta中的安全性
人身安全
馬耳他暴力犯罪率較低，被認為是歐洲較安全的旅遊目的地之一。扒手和小偷小摸主要發生在瓦萊塔、斯利馬等遊客密集的旅遊區以及公車站，尤其是連接主要旅遊景點的13、14、15和16路公車。夏季旅遊高峰期，竊盜案增加。帕切維爾夜生活區的酒吧和俱樂部曾發生下藥和攻擊事件，犯罪者會給遊客下藥，強迫他們花錢或對其進行攻擊。夜生活區也曾發生強暴和性侵害等攻擊事件。 2022年，馬耳他的整體犯罪率為每千人28起，為15年來的最低水準。針對遊客的詐騙日益增多，包括高價服務和愛情騙局。恐怖主義風險較低，但也不能排除發生攻擊的可能性。
極端暴力
馬耳他的暴力犯罪率極低。 2021 年的兇殺率僅為每 10 萬人 0.4 起，這意味著全年僅發生兩三起兇殺案。針對遊客的暴力犯罪很少見。然而，島上有組織犯罪，犯罪集團與義大利黑手黨「光榮會」（Ndrangheta）等國際組織有聯繫。 2017 年調查記者達芙妮·卡魯阿娜·加利齊亞 (Daphne Caruana Galizia) 被謀殺與有組織犯罪和政府腐敗有關，儘管此類嚴重犯罪不太可能影響到遊客。馬耳他是人口販運和走私的中轉站，尤其是來自利比亞的人口販運和走私，但這對遊客的風險很小。在帕切維爾等地區的夜總會周圍，由於人群控制不力和酗酒造成不安全的環境，暴力事件可能爆發。酒吧鬥毆和襲擊事件時有發生，尤其是在深夜。
政治動盪
2019年至2020年，商人約爾根·費內克（Yorgen Fenech）因涉嫌暗殺記者達芙妮·卡魯阿娜·加利齊亞（Daphne Caruana Galizia）而被捕，馬耳他經歷了大規模的政治抗議活動。這些抗議活動導致總理約瑟夫·穆斯卡特（Joseph Muscat）於2020年1月辭職。瓦萊塔經常發生示威活動，尤其是在議會大廈和政府大樓附近。雖然馬耳他的抗議活動總體上是和平的，但可能會導致交通中斷和公共交通延誤。該國政治穩定，民主制度運作良好，但人們對高層政治腐敗的擔憂仍然存在。近年來，民間團體積極就治理、問責和法治等議題進行示威。遊客應避開示威活動區域，因為即使是和平抗議也可能造成破壞。
應避免的區域
據報道，聖朱利安斯的夜生活區帕切維爾是馬耳他犯罪率最高的地區，是全國平均的五倍。該地區毒品犯罪、暴力事件、酒後下藥、搶劫、扒竊和襲擊事件頻繁，尤其是在深夜和週末。帕切維爾的脫衣舞俱樂部以專門針對外國人的詐騙而聞名。其他需要警惕的地區包括斯利馬和瓦萊塔部分地區，那裡的旅遊景點和公共交通工具上經常發生扒手事件。哈姆倫的一些街道情況較為糟糕，但事件主要涉及當地人。港口村莊馬爾薩，特別是被稱為阿爾伯特鎮的地區，犯罪率較高，但很少有遊客光顧。大多數旅遊區在白天都很安全。在夏季繁忙的月份，如果遊客將物品無人看管，像金灣這樣的熱門海灘可能會遭遇盜竊。
