Micronesia
關於Micronesia
| 貨幣 | US Dollar (USD) |
| 語言 | English |
| 資本金 | Palikir |
The archipelago of islands that make up the Federated States of Micronesia were first located by Spanish explorers in 1500. In 1898, the Caroline Islands (now Micronesia and Palau), came under German control until 1914 where they were occupied by Japan during the First World War. During the second World War, the islands were used as battle grounds by the United States and at the end of the war, they became UN trust territory under US administration. It was not until 1986, when a Compact of Free Association agreement was signed by the US, that Micronesia, the 4 most eastern Caroline island groups, gained independence. This agreement gives the US exclusive rights to the islands of Micronesia for military operations and, in turn, it provides Micronesia with defence, financial support and access to US domestic services and labour markets. The islands of Micronesia are composed of 4 major islands groups, and over 600 islands, in the western Pacific ocean. The president of Micronesia is both the chief of state and the head of government. The population of Micronesia was estimated to be 104,196 people in 2017. Subsistence farming and fishing are the primary industries of Micronesia, though the country is heavily reliant on US foreign aid. Due to its location, Micronesia has a tropical climate – heavy rainfall throughout the year, high humidity, and an average yearly temperature of 27ºC.
Micronesia的建議疫苗接種
對於大多數旅行者
甲型肝炎疫苗
There is a risk of exposure to hepatitis A in this country, therefore, the vaccination is recommended.
乙肝疫苗
There is a risk of infection with hepatitis B for this country, therefore, the vaccination is recommended.
對於一些旅行者
卡介苗芽孢桿菌（BCG）疫苗
BCG vaccine is recommended for those at increased risk from coming in close contact with infected persons or for unvaccinated, children under 16 years of age, who are going to live in the country for more than 3 months.
麻疹，腮腺炎，風疹（MMR）疫苗
A dose of Measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine is recommended for infants aged 6 to 11 months.
狂犬病疫苗
Vaccination against rabies is recommended for travellers whose activities or employment may bring them into direct contact with bats (i.e. adventure travellers, veterinarians, wildlife professionals, researchers, etc.).
傷寒疫苗
There is a risk of exposure to typhoid fever in this country through consumption of unsafe food and water. Since exposure to unsafe sources is variable within this country, the vaccination against typhoid fever is generally recommended, especially when visiting smaller cities, rural areas, or staying with friends and family.
Micronesia的推薦藥物
目前沒有針對Micronesia的建議。
Micronesia要注意的疾病
對於大多數旅行者
Chikungunya Fever
Chikungunya fever may occur in this country.
Hepatitis A
There is a risk of exposure to hepatitis A virus in this country through contaminated food or water.
Hepatitis B
There is a risk for acquiring hepatitis B in this country.
Dengue Fever
Dengue fever may occur in this country.
對於一些旅行者
Measles
There is a risk of acquiring Measles in this country.
Hanta Virus
There is a risk of acquiring Hantavirus in this country through the consumption of food and water contaminated by an infected rodent or through rodent bites.
Rabies
The risk of acquiring Rabies is low. Micronesia is free of dog rabies. However, it may be present in bats. Those with occupational risks (such as veterinarians, wildlife professionals, researchers) may be at risk.
Zika Fever
Zika virus may occur in this country.
Tuberculosis
Travellers to this country are at risk for tuberculosis if visiting sick friends or family, working in the healthcare field, or having close prolonged contact with a sick person.
Typhoid Fever
Unvaccinated people can become infected through contaminated food and water in this country, especially when visiting smaller cities, villages, or rural areas where water and food may not be safe.
Micronesia中的安全性
人身安全
密克羅尼西亞聯邦的整體犯罪率較低，但您仍面臨切實的風險。扒竊、搶錢包和入室盜竊等輕微犯罪時有發生，尤其是在楚克州。旅客報告曾遭遇性侵犯和人身攻擊。警方調查犯罪的資源有限。夜間犯罪率顯著上升，尤其是在涉及酒精的情況下。週末和天黑後，與酒精相關的襲擊和駕駛事故屢見不鮮。在城市邊界外，當地居民可能攜帶武器進行恐嚇。避免夜間獨自前往偏僻地區和海灘。楚克州的犯罪率高於其他州，據報導曾發生針對外國公民的攻擊事件。如果您前往楚克，請留在公共道路和公共場所，並減少夜間出行。
極端暴力
密克羅尼西亞聯邦暴力犯罪罕見。該國相對安全，沒有組織犯罪和極端暴力事件。該國是西太平洋地區受槍枝暴力影響最小的國家。軍火販運有限，尚未記錄到敲詐勒索和保護費敲詐勒索的案件。雖然攻擊事件時有發生，尤其是在楚克州，但暴力犯罪的總體水準仍然很低。 2023年4月，一名與LGBTQ社群有聯繫的科斯雷菲律賓居民被發現死於家中，隨後兩名當地人被控謀殺、過失殺人罪和嚴重攻擊罪。二戰期間未爆炸的彈藥仍然存在，尤其是在楚克、雅浦島及其周邊海峽的沉船和飛機中。從這些沉船中移除物品是危險且違法的。
政治動盪
密克羅尼西亞聯邦是一個相對穩定的民主國家，定期舉行競爭性選舉。國內騷亂罕見。分離主義運動，尤其是來自楚克州的分離主義運動，有時會擾亂政局。自2019年以來，楚克州的獨立公投已被多次推遲。圍繞太平洋島嶼論壇成員國資格的政治辯論曾在2021-2022年發生，但最終得到解決。政府對安全部隊保持有效控制。司法獨立，公民自由普遍受到尊重。選舉公正進行，近年來沒有舞弊或違規行為。密克羅尼西亞沒有正式的政黨，但對其組成也沒有任何限制。公眾抗議和大規模聚集的活動可能會演變成暴力事件，但這種情況並不常見。如果發生抗議和示威活動，請避免參與。
應避免的區域
楚克州的犯罪率高於其他州。全國各地的犯罪率在夜間和偏遠地區顯著上升。楚克州偏遠和人口稀少的地區犯罪率較高，基礎設施有限。天黑後請勿在楚克主島韋諾的街道上行走。所有州的夜間都應避開偏僻的地方和海灘。雅浦港航道和周邊水道中殘留未爆炸的二戰時期軍火。在這些地區划船或潛水時要格外小心。所有島嶼的海灘和海況都可能很危險。潮汐變化會導致沿海潟湖出現強大的水流，激流也很常見。每年都會發生數起溺水事件。海灘通常沒有救生員看管，救援服務也可能不符合國際標準。下水前，請諮詢當地居民和旅行社，以了解可能存在的危險和安全的游泳區域。
