Norway
關於Norway
| 貨幣 | Norwegian krone (NOK) |
| 語言 | Bokmal Norwegian and Nynorsk Norwegian. |
| 資本金 | Oslo |
The Kingdom of Norway is located on the western part of the Scandinavian Peninsula in northern Europe, west of Sweden. The country borders the North Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean. Norway’s population is approximately 4.6 million people, and the country is one of the most sparsely populated in Europe.
The government of Norway is a constitutional hereditary monarchy. A king is the chief of state. A prime minister is the head of government.
Norway enjoys a high standard of living, with a welfare model of universal health care, social security system and subsidized higher education. Some of the challenges facing this country are rising immigration, the loss of Norway’s cultural heritage, and financing the welfare system.
Norway is one of the most scenic countries in the world, known for fjords, forests, mountains, and much of Norway is wilderness. Norway’s environment is embodied in its national parks that represent the country’s desire to protect its environment as much as possible.
Norway的建議疫苗接種
對於大多數旅行者
甲型肝炎疫苗
There is a low risk of exposure to hepatitis A for this country, however, the vaccination is recommended.
乙肝疫苗
There is a low risk of infection with hepatitis B for this country, however, the vaccination is recommended.
對於一些旅行者
狂犬病疫苗
Vaccination against rabies is recommended for travellers whose activities or employment may bring them into direct contact with bats (i.e. adventure travellers, veterinarians, wildlife professionals, researchers, etc.).
ick蟲腦炎疫苗
Vaccination against tick-borne encephalitis is recommended if travelling in Norway or where contact with ticks might occur (camping, hiking, outdoor activities) during early spring to late autumn.
Norway的推薦藥物
目前沒有針對Norway的建議。
Norway要注意的疾病
對於大多數旅行者
Hepatitis B
There is a low risk of exposure to hepatitis B for this country.
Hepatitis A
There is a low risk of exposure to hepatitis A for this country.
對於一些旅行者
Tuberculosis
Travellers to this country are at risk for tuberculosis if visiting sick friends or family, working in the healthcare field, or having close prolonged contact with an infected person.
Hanta Virus
There is a risk of acquiring Hantavirus in this country through the consumption of food and water contaminated by an infected rodent or through rodent bites.
Measles
A dose of Measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine is recommended for infants aged 6 to 11 months.
Tick-Borne Encephalitis
There is a risk of Tick-borne Encephalitis in some areas of this country. The main affected areas are found along the southern coast of Norway in the counties of Agder, Buskerud and Vestfold og Telemark. There is also a possible risk in other coastal regions from the south and into the arctic circle in the north. The transmission season varies, however, ticks are most active during early spring to late autumn.
Rabies
**Rabies has not been reported in Norway and is considered a low risk for travellers, However, it may occur in bats.**
Norway中的安全性
人身安全
挪威是歐洲犯罪率最低的國家之一。在5月至9月的旅遊旺季,扒手等輕微犯罪會增加,尤其是在火車站、機場、奧斯陸中央火車站、飯店大廳和主要旅遊景點等人流密集的地區。與歐洲其他主要城市相比,這類事件相對少見。暴力犯罪罕見。 2024年,挪威記錄了37起兇殺案,每10萬人的兇殺率僅0.72。即使在大城市,深夜搶劫和街頭犯罪並不常見。警察平易近人、專業,通常不攜帶武器,反映出整體威脅環境較低。奧斯陸東部地區存在一些與幫派有關的活動,尤其是販毒活動,但遊客除非主動尋找這些街區,否則不太可能遇到這些問題。網路戀情和金融詐騙確實時有發生,因此在使用約會應用程式或在線上結識朋友時應謹慎小心。夜總會周圍未註冊或非法的計程車會帶來潛在風險,應避免搭乘已註冊的計程車、Uber 或大眾運輸工具。
極端暴力
恐怖主義風險被認為很低,但並非不存在。近代史上最嚴重的襲擊是 2011 年極右翼極端分子安德斯·布雷維克 (Anders Breivik) 發動的襲擊,他在奧斯陸和於特島造成 77 人死亡。 2022 年 6 月,在奧斯陸一家 LGBTQ 俱樂部發生的槍擊事件造成兩人死亡。 2021 年 10 月,一名激進皈依者在孔斯貝格用弓箭殺死了五人。 2019 年,一名極右翼極端分子試圖在貝魯姆的一座清真寺開槍。挪威當局評估伊斯蘭極端主義和極右翼暴力都構成威脅。挪威警察安全局維持中等威脅等級評估,並監控這兩種極端主義。 2023 年沒有通報恐怖事件。大型活動和機場的安全措施顯而易見,但日常生活並未受到影響。 2022 年襲擊事件發生後,政府加強了打擊激進化和暴力極端主義的措施。
政治動盪
政治示威在挪威很常見,光是奧斯陸的 Eidsvolls plass 每年就有 700 多場示威活動。大多數抗議活動都是和平有序的。言論自由受到嚴格保障。最近的示威活動包括原住民薩米活動人士抗議在傳統馴鹿放牧地上建造風電場、環境抗議以及各種國際政治議題。 2023 年,包括葛雷塔·通貝裡在內的氣候活動人士加入了封鎖奧斯陸政府部門入口的薩米抗議者的行列,要求拆除原住民土地上的風力渦輪機。這些抗議活動基本上是非暴力的。挪威也出現過與國際衝突有關的抗議活動,儘管這些抗議活動很少升級。該國有著強大的公民抗命傳統,但仍維持秩序。示威活動中的警察是專業且適度的。暴力政治動亂極為罕見。上一次重大的國內政治動盪是 20 世紀 70 年代末和 80 年代初因水電開發而引發的阿爾塔爭議,該爭議引發了公民抗命,但最終得到和平解決。
應避免的區域
挪威真正危險的地區很少。在奧斯陸,某些街區需要格外小心,尤其是在夜晚。奧斯陸東部的街區,包括格倫蘭、托延、庫巴、霍爾姆利亞、斯托夫納、羅姆薩斯、莫滕斯魯德和松德雷·諾德斯特蘭,犯罪率略高,但以國際標準來看仍然較低。奧斯陸中央火車站和布魯加塔週邊地區夜間可能較為危險,存在一些毒品交易活動,但暴力犯罪仍然很少見。在卡爾約翰街行走時應保持警惕,尤其是在天黑之後。即使在這些地區,嚴重事件並不常見,而且大多數與毒品活動有關,而不是針對遊客的犯罪。斯瓦爾巴群島和特羅姆瑟需要周詳的計劃和準備。斯瓦爾巴群島有獨特的風險,包括北極熊、極端天氣和有限的緊急服務。根據法律規定,在斯瓦爾巴群島的定居點外旅行時,您必須攜帶槍支或與持證導遊同行。這些目的地不適合沒有充分準備的休閒遊客。挪威最大的危險來自大自然,而非人。偏遠的健行地區、冰川和高山需要適當的裝備、豐富的經驗和敬畏之心。天氣變化莫測,救援服務可能需要相當長的時間才能到達偏遠地區。地形險峻,毫無準備的健行者經常需要救援。