New Caledonia
關於New Caledonia
| 貨幣 | Comptoirs français du Pacifique franc (CFP franc) (XPF) |
| 語言 | French |
| 資本金 | Noumea |
New Caledonia, located in the south Pacific Ocean, east of Australia, is home to white sandy beaches, exotic wildlife, exciting adventure tourism and the world’s largest lagoon. The rich blend of tropical and French cultures permeates all aspects of the country and beckons the traveller to experience this up-and-coming tourist destination.
Colonized by both the French and British, New Caledonia became a French colony in 1853 and was used primarily as an island where French prisoners were sent. Since the rejection of the independence referendum in 1998, New Caledonia has been classified as a territorial collectivity of France, but will soon reassess this status in the independence referendum of 2018. In this parliamentary democracy, the chief of state is the president of France while the head of government is the president of the government of New Caledonia.
The population of New Caledonia is approximately 275,355 people (2016 estimate), with indigenous peoples representing 40 percent of the population. Although French is the official language of New Caledonia, there are over 33 Melanesian-Polynesian dialects spoken. Furthermore, New Caledonia boasts the second largest nickel reserve in the world.
New Caledonia的建議疫苗接種
對於大多數旅行者
乙肝疫苗
There is a risk of infection with hepatitis B for this country, therefore, the vaccination is recommended.
甲型肝炎疫苗
There is a risk of exposure to hepatitis A in this country, therefore, the vaccination is recommended.
對於一些旅行者
麻疹，腮腺炎，風疹（MMR）疫苗
A dose of Measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine is recommended for infants aged 6 to 11 months.
狂犬病疫苗
Vaccination against rabies is recommended for travellers whose activities or employment may bring them into direct contact with bats (i.e. adventure travellers, veterinarians, wildlife professionals, researchers, etc.).
傷寒疫苗
There is a risk of exposure to typhoid fever in this country through consumption of unsafe food and water. Since exposure to unsafe sources is variable within this country, the vaccination against typhoid fever is generally recommended, especially when visiting smaller cities, rural areas, or staying with friends and family.
黃熱病疫苗
There is no risk of yellow fever in New Caledonia, however, there is a certificate requirement. Under International Health Regulations, a yellow fever vaccination certificate is required for travellers 1 year of age and older arriving from countries with risk of yellow fever transmission and from travellers having transited for more than 12 hours through an airport of a country with risk of yellow fever transmission.
New Caledonia的推薦藥物
目前沒有針對New Caledonia的建議。
New Caledonia要注意的疾病
對於大多數旅行者
Chikungunya Fever
Chikungunya may occur in this country.
Hepatitis A
There is a risk of exposure to hepatitis A virus in this country through contaminated food or water.
Dengue Fever
Dengue fever may occur in this country.
Hepatitis B
There is a risk for acquiring hepatitis B in this country.
對於一些旅行者
Zika Fever
Zika virus may occur in this country. NaTHNac notes that this is a low risk.
Tuberculosis
Travellers to this country are at risk for tuberculosis if visiting sick friends or family, working in the healthcare field, or having close prolonged contact with a sick person.
Hanta Virus
There is a risk of acquiring Hantavirus in this country through the consumption of food and water contaminated by an infected rodent or through rodent bites.
Measles
There is a risk of acquiring Measles in this country.
Rabies
The risk of acquiring Rabies is low. New Caledonia is free of dog rabies. However, it may be present in bats. Those with occupational risks (such as veterinarians, wildlife professionals, researchers) may be at risk.
Typhoid Fever
Unvaccinated people can become infected through contaminated food and water in New Caledonia, especially when visiting smaller cities, villages, or rural areas where water and food may not be safe.
Yellow Fever
There is no risk of yellow fever in New Caledonia, however, there is a certificate requirement. Under International Health Regulations, a yellow fever vaccination certificate is required for travellers 1 year of age and older arriving from countries with risk of yellow fever transmission and from travellers having transited for more than 12 hours through an airport of a country with risk of yellow fever transmission.
New Caledonia中的安全性
人身安全
新喀裡多尼亞在 2024 年 5 月經歷了前所未有的內亂，截至 2024 年 9 月已造成 13 人死亡。暴力事件因擬議的選舉改革而爆發，並導致努美阿及週邊地區發生縱火、搶劫和大規模財產破壞。雖然緊張局勢有所緩和，但示威和政治集會仍然可能在幾乎沒有預警的情況下發生，並可能迅速演變為暴力事件。當局加強了警力和安全力量，並可在短時間內實施宵禁或限制措施。在正常情況下，嚴重犯罪很少發生，針對遊客的暴力犯罪幾乎是聞所未聞。然而，輕微犯罪確實會發生，包括扒手、搶錢包、偷車和破門行竊。酒吧和夜總會外有時會發生鬥毆和襲擊，尤其是在週末和假日。據報道，有人在飲料中下藥，切勿將食物或飲料放在無人看管的地方。自2024年以來，政治局勢緊張，導致一些孤立的安全事件發生，包括通往機場的主要道路設置路障，以及偶爾發生的劫車事件。在社會動盪時期，主要道路可能會在未經警告的情況下關閉。
極端暴力
新喀裡多尼亞在 2024 年 5 月的騷亂中經歷了自 1980 年代以來最嚴重的暴力事件。截至 2024 年 9 月，騷亂已確認造成 13 人死亡，包括安全部隊人員、被武裝平民槍殺的卡納克平民以及警方行動中的死亡人員。另有一人在與騷亂有關的交通事故中喪生。武裝效忠派民兵在危機期間成立，在屋頂設立狙擊手陣地保衛社區。抗議活動中發生了槍戰，據報道，城市遊擊隊每晚都會發生槍傷，需要緊急醫療救治。截至 2025 年 3 月底，自暴動開始以來，已有 1,500 多人被捕。暴力事件造成約 22 億歐元的損失，900 家企業和 200 棟房屋被摧毀，600 輛汽車被燒毀。縱火攻擊的目標是全境的學校、市政廳、警察局、汽車經銷店和其他建築物。雖然自2024年12月宵禁解除以來，情況有所改善，但包括縱火在內的安全事件仍在全境發生。騷亂暴露了嚴重的種族和階級分歧，歐洲人擁有的財富遠遠超過土著卡納克。
政治動盪
政治動盪仍是新喀裡多尼亞最嚴重的安全隱憂。支持獨立的卡納克群體與希望繼續留在法國的效忠派之間數十年的緊張關係在2024年5月達到了頂峰。法國國民議會通過了擴大投票權的憲法修正案，獨立支持者認為此舉削弱了卡納克的政治權力。這引發了多達9000人的大規模抗議，迫使法國宣布進入緊急狀態。這場危機與鎳業的崩潰有關，鎳業僱用了新喀裡多尼亞四分之一的勞動力，並佔其出口的90%。政治示威和抗議活動頻繁發生，並可能在國家重要的日子前後加劇。主要道路上隨時可能出現路障和遊行，幾乎無需事先通知。法國政府暫停了備受爭議的投票改革，但根本分歧仍未解決。全境持續加強警力和安全部署。對武器、酒精、燃料購買和公眾集會的限制仍然有效。進一步的限制和宵禁可能會在短時間內實施。這種情況導致大規模移民，到 2025 年 3 月底將有超過 10,700 人離開。
應避免的區域
2024年5月的暴動期間，首都努美阿經歷了最激烈的暴力事件。工業區成為攻擊目標，市區部分地區局勢仍緊張。部分道路的抗議風險加劇，包括通往拉通圖塔國際機場的路線以及其他主要高速公路，抗議者先前曾封鎖這些道路的交通。大努美阿地區，包括丹貝亞、蒙特多爾和派塔等市，都面臨嚴重的騷亂，建築物和車輛遭到焚燒。 2024年6月的騷亂中，包括庫馬克在內的北部地區的市政廳被燒毀。 2024年8月，卡納克人聚居的城鎮蒂奧發生警察槍擊事件。 1號省道沿線戒備森嚴。雖然旅遊區和度假村通常比市中心更安全，但您在前往任何地區之前都應該查看當地情況。與主島大特爾島相比，偏遠島嶼和外島的基礎設施和服務有限。卡納克人口較多的地區政治緊張局勢最為嚴重，尤其是在北方省和洛亞蒂群島。
