Maldives
關於Maldives
| 貨幣 | Maldivian rufiyaa (MVR) |
| 語言 | Maldivian (Dhivehi) |
| 資本金 | Malé |
The Republic of Maldives is Asia’s smallest nation, located in the Indian Ocean southwest of Sri Lanka. It is an archipelago of approximately 1,190 islands, only 200 of which are inhabited. The population of Maldives is 340,000 people. The official religion is Sunni Muslim.
After being occupied by Portugal and being both a Dutch and British protectorate, the Republic of Maldives became an independent nation in 1965 and a presidential republic in 1968. However, it was not until the formation of a new constitution in 2008 that the Maldives had their first democratically-elected president in a multi-party, multi-candidate election. The president is both the chief of state and the head of government.
Due to climate change, the rising sea levels are a growing concern for the Maldives. This could greatly impact the nation since approximately 80 percent of the land area is one meter or less above sea level.
With its tropical climate and many resort islands, the Maldives is an increasingly popular tourist destination, welcoming millions of tourists every year.
Maldives的建議疫苗接種
對於大多數旅行者
甲型肝炎疫苗
There is a risk of exposure to hepatitis A in this country, therefore, the vaccination is recommended.
乙肝疫苗
There is a risk of infection with hepatitis B for this country, therefore, the vaccination is recommended.
對於一些旅行者
卡介苗芽孢桿菌（BCG）疫苗
BCG vaccine is recommended for those at increased risk from coming in close contact with infected persons or for unvaccinated, children under 16 years of age, who are going to live in Maldives for more than 3 months.
脊髓灰質炎疫苗
There is no risk of polio in this country. However, proof of polio vaccination may be necessary for some travellers.
麻疹，腮腺炎，風疹（MMR）疫苗
A dose of Measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine is recommended for all travellers over 6 months of age.
黃熱病疫苗
There is no risk of yellow fever transmission in this country. However, a yellow fever vaccination certificate is required for travellers 1 year of age and older arriving from countries with risk of yellow fever transmission and for travellers having transited more than 12 hours through an airport of a country with risk of yellow fever transmission.
狂犬病疫苗
Vaccination against rabies is recommended for travellers whose activities or employment may bring them into direct contact with bats (i.e. adventure travellers, veterinarians, wildlife professionals, researchers, etc.).
傷寒疫苗
There is a risk of exposure to typhoid fever in this country through consumption of unsafe food and water. Since exposure to unsafe sources is variable within this country, the vaccination against typhoid fever is generally recommended, especially when visiting smaller cities, rural areas, or staying with friends and family.
Maldives的推薦藥物
目前沒有針對Maldives的建議。
Maldives要注意的疾病
對於大多數旅行者
Hepatitis B
There is a risk of exposure to hepatitis B in this country, therefore, the vaccination is recommended.
Dengue Fever
Dengue fever has occurred in this country.
Hepatitis A
There is a risk of exposure to hepatitis A virus in this country through contaminated food or water.
Chikungunya Fever
Chikungunya fever has occurred in this country. **The risk may vary across different atolls (regions)**
對於一些旅行者
Measles
There is a risk of Measles in this country, especially in infants aged 6 to 11 months.
Hanta Virus
There is a risk of acquiring Hantavirus in this country through the consumption of food and water contaminated by an infected rodent or through rodent bites.
Rabies
Rabies may be present in bats, but has not been reported in domestic or wild animals in this country.
Tuberculosis
Travellers to this country are at risk for tuberculosis if visiting sick friends or family, working in the health care field, or having close prolonged contact with the general population.
Typhoid Fever
Unvaccinated people can become infected through contaminated food and water in the Maldives, especially when visiting smaller cities, villages, or rural areas where water and food may not be safe.
Yellow Fever
There is no risk of yellow fever transmission in this country. However, a yellow fever vaccination certificate is required for travellers 1 year of age and older arriving from countries with risk of yellow fever transmission and for travellers having transited more than 12 hours through an airport of a country with risk of yellow fever transmission.
Zika Fever
Zika fever has occurred in this country. Pregnant women should reconsider travel to this country.
Maldives中的安全性
人身安全
度假島嶼治安良好，犯罪率低，但您需要為基本財產犯罪以外的風險做好準備。在馬列和胡魯馬累，幫派暴力（包括持刀犯罪）增加，毒品相關事件也波及這些城市中心。市場和渡輪碼頭等人流密集的地方經常發生小偷小摸事件。自 2021 年以來，由於島嶼周圍強大的潮汐流和激流，已有 8 名以上遊客溺亡。許多海灘缺乏安全資訊或救生員服務。飲料中可能會下藥，因此請注意控制飲料。該國信奉伊斯蘭教，無論性取向如何，公開示愛都被視為冒犯。恐怖主義仍然令人擔憂，當局自 2017 年以來一直在挫敗恐怖主義陰謀。 2021 年，馬累發生簡易爆炸裝置爆炸，造成一名政治人物和旁觀者受傷。 2020 年，胡魯馬累發生持刀攻擊事件，三名外國人受傷。您應該避開馬累和有人居住的島嶼的政治示威活動，因為這些活動可能演變成暴力事件。馬爾地夫的自來水大部分採用淡化海水，當地人飲用這種水，但對於不習慣這種水的遊客來說，可能會造成胃部問題。
極端暴力
暴力犯罪率整體維持在較低水平，大多數事件集中在城市地區而非旅遊區。涉及刀具的幫派暴力事件主要發生在馬累、胡魯馬累和阿杜，與毒品交易和貧窮有關。這些事件通常影響幫派圈內的成員，而非遊客。截至2019年，故意殺人案發生率為每十萬人1起，但2017年出現激增，部分原因是恐怖活動。由於大多數遊客選擇入住偏僻的度假勝地，他們很少遇到暴力犯罪發生的地區。度假島嶼的安全措施嚴密，搶劫和暴力搶劫在這些地區極為罕見。在馬累，夜間偶爾會發生街頭搶劫，但遊客並非常見目標。由於該國靠近金三角鴉片產區，毒品濫用現像日益猖獗，成為毒品販運的中轉站。儘管政府做出了許多努力，但恐怖主義威脅仍然存在。自2017年以來，當局挫敗了多起恐怖攻擊計劃，逮捕了與攻擊策劃和招募人員有關的人員。與伊斯蘭國和基地組織有關的組織威脅要攻擊旅遊景點。該國正在進行打擊暴力極端主義項目，並與國際夥伴合作，加強反恐能力。
政治動盪
馬累和有人居住的島嶼偶爾會發生政治抗議和示威活動，有時還會演變成暴力事件。警方對抗議者使用了過度武力，包括胡椒噴霧和防暴盾牌。 2025 年 10 月，警方逮捕了 8 名偏離約定抗議路線的抗議者。 2023 年及之前，警方襲擊了報道反對派集會和抗議活動的記者。政府使用《和平集會自由法》限制示威活動，要求事先批准並限制地點。 2024 年 8 月，當局逮捕了兩名在外交使團外和平抗議的婦女。 2025 年的抗議活動集中在公認的政府腐敗、民主倒退、媒體限制以及擴大總統權力的憲法修改。執政黨在 93 個議會席次中佔有 79 個，這使得備受爭議的立法得以通過，其中包括一項允許對記者處以罰款和吊銷執照的媒體法案。前官員和反對派人士在示威活動中面臨逮捕。 2025年4月，一名女子在馬累莫名其妙地從一棟建築物上墜落，引發青年抗議活動，迫使兩名警察局長被解職。選舉和政府行動期間，政治緊張局勢偶爾會加劇。民眾騷亂主要影響馬累及其附近有人居住的島嶼，而度假島嶼和旅遊設施通常在抗議活動期間正常運作。您應該關注當地媒體，即使示威活動看似和平，也應避免參與。
應避免的區域
馬累是遊客風險最高的城市，幫派暴力、毒品犯罪、小偷小摸以及偶爾的政治示威活動都集中在首都。天黑後應避免在馬累行走，並遠離偏僻或光線昏暗的區域。人口稠密的亨維魯和馬凡努街區需要格外小心。胡魯馬累的幫派暴力事件增加，包括持刀犯罪。阿杜市的犯罪率高於其他地區。當地有人居住的島嶼執行嚴格的伊斯蘭法律，要求穿著樸素，並禁止飲酒。這些島嶼可能缺乏旅遊基礎設施和醫療設施。步行時應避開空曠的道路，尤其是在馬列和胡魯馬累天黑後。政治抗議活動集中在馬累政府大樓附近，包括國會大廈、總統辦公室和最高法院。在政治動盪時期，應完全避開示威區域。南部和東部的一些偏遠環礁設施較不發達，可能對緊急醫療後送構成挑戰。缺乏適當醫療服務的島嶼如果出現健康問題，會帶來風險，尤其是對於計劃潛水活動的遊客。全國各地的海灘都可能出現危險的水流，安全資訊通常難以取得。 5月中旬至11月的季風季節會帶來強風、波濤洶湧的大海和暴雨，使某些地區和船隻轉運更加危險。前往無人居住的島嶼需要當局的特別許可。
