Comoros

Comoros的建議疫苗接種

對於大多數旅行者

乙肝疫苗

There is a significant risk of infection with hepatitis B for this country, therefore, the vaccination is recommended.

甲型肝炎疫苗

There is a significant risk of exposure to hepatitis A for this country, therefore, the vaccination is recommended.

對於一些旅行者

麻疹，腮腺炎，風疹（MMR）疫苗

A dose of Measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine is recommended for all travellers over 6 months of age.

狂犬病疫苗

Pre-travel vaccination against rabies is recommended for travellers involved in outdoor activities that may bring them in direct contact with bats.

傷寒疫苗

There is a risk of exposure to typhoid fever in this country through consumption of unsafe food and water. Since exposure to unsafe sources is variable within this country, the vaccination against typhoid fever is generally recommended, especially when visiting smaller cities or rural areas, where food and water sources may be contaminated.

Comoros的推薦藥物

對於一些旅行者

抗瘧藥

Recommended medications are atovaquone/proguanil, doxycycline, or mefloquine. Anti-malaria drug resistance for chloroquine is present.

Comoros要注意的疾病

對於大多數旅行者

Hepatitis A

There is a significant risk for hepatitis A virus exposure in Comoros through contaminated food or water.

Chikungunya Fever

Chikungunya fever has occurred in this country.

Hepatitis B

There is a significant risk for acquiring hepatitis B in Comoros.

Dengue Fever

Dengue fever occurs in this country.

對於一些旅行者

Malaria

All areas of this country are at risk for malaria.

Measles

There is a risk of Measles in this country, especially in infants aged 6 to 11 months.

West Nile Fever

The virus is transmitted to animals, birds and humans by mosquitoes. Symptoms include fever, headache, tiredness, body aches, nausea, and skin rash.

Crimean-Congo Haemorrhagic Fever

There is a risk of Crimean-Congo Haemorrhagic fever in this country.

Sleeping Sickness (Type 1)

African trypanosomiasis occurs in this country. Travellers to urban areas are not at risk.

Rift Valley Fever (RVF)

Commonly spread via contact with domesticated animals infected with the virus. These include cattle, buffalo, sheep, goats, and camels, among others.

Leishmaniasis

There is a risk of acquiring Leishmaniasis in this country through sand fly bites, particularly between dusk to dawn. Adventure tourists, outdoor athletes, or humanitarian aid workers are at a higher risk.

African Tick Bite Fever

This disease may occur in this country. Ticks that cause this disease are usually most active from November through April. Travellers engaging in outdoor activities such as camping, hiking, and game hunting in wooded, brushy, or grassy areas may be at a higher risk.

Tuberculosis

Tuberculosis occurs in this country. Travellers to this country are at risk for tuberculosis if visiting sick friends or family, working in the health care field, or having close prolonged contact with the general population.

Hanta Virus

There is a risk of acquiring Hantavirus in this country through the consumption of food and water contaminated by an infected rodent or through rodent bites.

Typhoid Fever

Unvaccinated people can become infected through contaminated food and water in Comoros, especially when visiting smaller cities, villages, or rural areas where food and water sources may be contaminated.

Rabies

Rabies occurs in the Comoros in bats.

Comoros中的安全性

人身安全

科摩羅整體犯罪率相對較低。扒手和搶錢包等輕微犯罪時有發生，尤其是在擁擠的露天市場、公園和海灘。街頭搶劫很少見。夜間獨自散步會增加風險，尤其是在海灘和市中心。雖然發生過一些性侵犯事件，但這些事件並不常見，而且並非專門針對外國遊客。您需要隨時攜帶身分證件。拍攝軍事設施、警察大樓和公共基礎設施是違法的，可能會導致逮捕和設備沒收。拍攝人物前務必徵得許可。科摩羅經濟以現金為主，自動櫃員機和銀行數量很少，信用卡也不廣為接受。在公共公路上飲酒或醉酒是違法的，可能會被處以罰款或監禁。販毒和持有毒品將受到嚴厲的處罰，包括至少五年的強制監禁、巨額罰款和驅逐出境。各島嶼經常停電，由於近年來降雨量低於平均水平，水資源短缺的情況也時有發生。

極端暴力

科摩羅近期沒有發生恐怖主義事件，但也不能完全排除發生攻擊的可能性。該國信奉遜尼派伊斯蘭教，秉持寬容務實的理念，幾乎沒有原教旨主義支持者。目前尚未發生針對外國人的恐怖攻擊。針對遊客的暴力犯罪也很少見。宗教暴力事件的報導也並不常見。在沿海水域以及更遠的莫三比克海峽和亞丁灣海域，曾發生過海盜襲擊和武裝搶劫船隻事件。海員應採取適當的預防措施。由於船隻維護不善、超員以及缺乏安全設備，渡輪事故時有發生。一些跨島船隻狀況不佳，不符合國際安全標準，並且可能在沒有適當救生衣的情況下超載，導致船隻傾覆和死亡。即使對於經驗豐富的游泳者來說，沿海水域也可能很危險。激流很常見，每年都會發生數起溺水事件。海灘通常無人看管，也沒有危險狀況預警系統。莫羅尼附近的卡爾塔拉山是一座活火山，上次噴發是在 2007 年，並且隨時可能噴發。

政治動盪

科摩羅週期性地發生政治動盪和抗議活動，尤其是在選舉期間。 2024 年 1 月，在總統選舉結果出現爭議後，一名抗議者在與安全部隊的衝突中喪生，數人受傷。抗議活動自發性發生，通常出於政治因素，主要在莫羅尼，但昂儒昂島和莫埃利也有示威活動。據報道，一些抗議活動演變成暴力事件，造成財產損失。示威活動先前曾阻塞道路，使莫羅尼的交通變得困難，包括該市與國際機場之間的路線。自 2019 年以來，事實上禁止和平示威和公共政治集會。自 1975 年脫離法國獨立以來，該國經歷了 20 多次政變和未遂政變，導致長期的政治不穩定。由於科摩羅和法國之間長期存在關於馬約特島的爭端，因此存在反法情緒，並偶爾就此問題舉行示威活動。即使是和平示威也可能演變成對抗並升級為暴力事件。在動亂期間，當局會在極短時間內實施宵禁，並中斷網路連線。您應避免參加所有示威活動、大型集會和政治集會，並關注當地媒體的動態。

應避免的區域

科摩羅沒有明確規定對旅行者構成危險的區域。主要的安全隱患在於時間而非地點。政治緊張局勢和示威活動主要集中在大科摩羅島的首府莫羅尼，尤其是在選舉期間。抗議活動先前曾阻塞了莫羅尼市與國際機場之間的道路。 2024年1月，莫羅尼發生了選舉後的暴力事件，莫埃利島和昂儒昂島也發生了暴力事件，政府大樓被縱火焚燒。昂儒昂島的穆察穆杜古城也曾發生過與政治糾紛相關的暴力抗議活動。乘船在島嶼間旅行需要謹慎，因為船隻可能過於擁擠、維護不善且缺乏安全設備。大科摩羅島和莫埃利島以缺乏完善的旅遊設施而聞名。由於街道照明不足和警力不足，夜間獨自行走會增加全國各地的風險，包括所有島嶼的海灘和城鎮中心。在12月至4月的雨季，道路可能因泥石流和山崩而無法通行，尤其是在農村地區。莫羅尼附近的卡爾塔拉山是一座活火山，靠近時應小心謹慎。