Saudi Arabia

Saudi Arabia的建議疫苗接種

對於大多數旅行者

甲型肝炎疫苗

There is a significant risk of exposure to hepatitis A for this country, therefore, the vaccination is recommended.

乙肝疫苗

There is a significant risk of infection with hepatitis B for this country, therefore, the vaccination is recommended.

對於一些旅行者

麻疹，腮腺炎，風疹（MMR）疫苗

A dose of Measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine is recommended for all travellers over 6 months of age.

黃熱病疫苗

This country requires a yellow fever vaccination certificate for travellers 9 months of age and older arriving from countries with risk of yellow fever transmission, and for travellers having transited for more than 12 hours through an airport of a country with risk of yellow fever transmission.

腦膜炎疫苗

Travellers participating in the Hajj, including infants and children, are required to provide proof of vaccination with a quadrivalent meningococcal vaccine, received no more than 3 years and no less than 10 days before arrival in Saudi Arabia.

傷寒疫苗

There is a risk of exposure to typhoid fever in this country through consumption of unsafe food and water. Since exposure to unsafe sources is variable within this country, vaccination against typhoid fever is generally recommended, especially when visiting smaller cities or rural areas where food and water sources may be contaminated.

狂犬病疫苗

Vaccination against rabies is recommended for travellers involved in outdoor activities (e.g., campers, hikers, adventure travellers, and cavers) who may have direct contact with rabid dogs, bats, and other mammals. Those with occupational risks (such as veterinarians, wildlife professionals, researchers) and long-term travellers and expatriates are at higher risk and should be vaccinated.

Saudi Arabia的推薦藥物

對於一些旅行者

抗瘧藥

The World Health Organization recommends atovaquone- proguanil, doxycycline, or mefloquine. Drug resistance to chloroquine is present. The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention only recommends steps to avoid mosquito bites.

Saudi Arabia要注意的疾病

對於大多數旅行者

Hepatitis B

There is a significant risk for acquiring hepatitis B in Saudi Arabia.

Hepatitis A

There is a significant risk for hepatitis A virus exposure in Saudi Arabia through contaminated food or water. Infection can still occur at tourist destinations and resorts.

Dengue Fever

Dengue fever outbreaks have occurred in Saudi Arabia, and the risk to travellers is significant. High risk provinces include Al Madinah, Jizan and Makkah (including the cities of Mecca and Jeddah).

對於一些旅行者

Measles

There is a risk of Measles in this country, especially in infants aged 6 to 11 months.

Rift Valley Fever (RVF)

Sporadic outbreaks of Rift Valley Fever (RVF) occur in Saudi Arabia.

Tuberculosis

Travellers to this country are at risk for tuberculosis, if visiting ill friends or family, working in the health care field, or having close prolonged contact with infected persons.

Crimean-Congo Haemorrhagic Fever

There is a risk of acquiring Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever in this country through specific insect, bug or tick bites or by coming in close contact with a person or animal infected with this disease. Travellers involved in activities like hiking, camping, working with animals, and visiting farms and forested areas are at a higher risk. There are no vaccinations (or medications) to prevent Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever

Schistosomiasis

There is a very low risk of schistosomiasis in this country. It can be acquired through contact with fresh water, such as swimming, bathing, or rafting. Well-chlorinated swimming pools and contact with saltwater in oceans or seas will not put travellers at risk.

MERS

There is a risk of acquiring MERS-CoV in this country. Scientists do not fully understand how the MERS virus spreads. It is a viral infection transmitted through direct or indirect contact with infected camels or camel-related products. Limited person-to-person transmission through coughing and sneezing from infected persons, typically in healthcare settings, has also been reported. There is currently no vaccine to prevent MERS.

Hanta Virus

There is a risk of acquiring Hanta Virus in this country through the consumption of food and water contaminated by an infected rodent or through rodent bites.

Malaria

The World Health Organization states that there is a limited malaria risk from September to January along the southern border with Yemen. There is no risk in Mecca, Medina, Jeddah, Riyadh, and Ta'if.

Yellow Fever

There is no risk of yellow fever transmission. However, this country requires a yellow fever vaccination certificate for travellers 9 months of age and older arriving from countries with risk of yellow fever transmission, and for travellers having transited for more than 12 hours through an airport of a country with risk of yellow fever transmission.

Typhoid Fever

Unvaccinated people can become infected through contaminated food and water in Saudi Arabia, especially when visiting smaller cities, villages, or rural areas where food and water sources may be contaminated.

Meningitis

There is a risk of meningitis during the Hajj, the annual pilgrimage to Mecca (Makkah). All pilgrims, including infants and children, are required to provide proof of vaccination with a quadrivalent meningococcal vaccine, received no more than 3 years and no less than 10 days before arrival in Saudi Arabia.

Leishmaniasis

Sporadic cases of leishmaniasis occur in Saudi Arabia and is usually more common in rural than urban areas. The risk of acquiring leishmaniasis is increased in travellers who spend time outdoors in rural areas and at night, when sand flies typically feed.

Rabies

Rabies occurs in this country. Travellers involved in outdoor activities (e.g., campers, hikers, adventure travellers, and cavers) may have direct contact with rabid dogs, bats, and other mammals. Those with occupational risks (such as veterinarians, wildlife professionals, researchers) and long-term travellers and expatriates are at higher risk.

Saudi Arabia中的安全性

人身安全

與許多國家相比，沙烏地阿拉伯的犯罪率相對較低。由於執法嚴格、處罰嚴厲，搶劫和扒手等街頭犯罪並不常見。在市場等人群密集的場所以及宗教集會期間，可能會發生輕微盜竊，但這種情況仍然很少見。在齋戒月、朝覲和副朝等大型宗教活動期間，人群會顯著增加，您應該保持警惕。沙烏地阿拉伯對社會行為實施嚴格的法律，處罰包括罰款、監禁和驅逐出境。如果您在社交媒體上發表批評政府或冒犯公共秩序的言論，包括在沙烏地阿拉伯境外發布的帖子，您可能會面臨逮捕。同性關係是非法的。任何情侶之間都應避免公開示愛。您必須隨身攜帶身分證件，否則將面臨罰款或監禁。如果雇主試圖扣留您的護照，請注意這是違法的。交通事故可能導致您在警察局被拘留數日，以確定責任，有時所有駕駛員都會被拘留，無論是否有過失。

極端暴力

恐怖主義仍然令人擔憂，儘管近年來襲擊有所減少。主要威脅來自伊朗支持的代理人和達伊沙等組織。也門胡塞武裝曾對民用基礎設施、機場和能源設施發動無人機和飛彈攻擊，但大多數攻擊都被沙烏地阿拉伯防空部隊攔截。襲擊可能在幾乎沒有預警的情況下發生。恐怖分子的目標是沙烏地阿拉伯和國際利益，包括宗教場所、飯店、購物中心、市場、交通樞紐和能源基礎設施。政府採取全面的反恐措施，並與國際夥伴密切合作。安全部隊已成功挫敗多起有預謀的攻擊，但極端主義活動的規模仍然很大。攻擊可能發生在重大假期、宗教活動期間，也可能是為了因應地區發展。作為反極端主義策略的一部分，政府嚴密監控社群媒體上的極端主義言論。在外國人經常光顧的場所和大型活動期間，您應該保持警惕。

政治動盪

在沙烏地阿拉伯，公開示威是違法的，參與示威將受到嚴厲處罰。 2011 年至 2012 年，該國經歷了抗議活動，主要發生在東部省的什葉派社區，他們要求政治改革和釋放囚犯。這些抗議活動遭到安全部隊的鎮壓，包括逮捕和拘留。政府禁止所有抗議活動，並將發表批評政府或宗教領袖聲譽的文章定為犯罪。目前，該國的政治局勢穩定，但更廣泛的區域安全局勢仍難以預測。如果發生任何示威或大型集會，您應該避免參加。政府可以實施旅行禁令，禁止離境，有時禁令會持續數年。批評沙烏地阿拉伯機構或政策的社群媒體活動可能導致逮捕和起訴。活動人士和人權捍衛者繼續面臨反恐和網路犯罪法的法律迫害。

應避免的區域

由於持續的衝突、飛彈襲擊和跨境暴力，您不應在距離也門邊境20至30公里的範圍內旅行。靠近也門邊境的納季蘭、吉贊和阿西爾省曾遭受無人機和飛彈攻擊。艾卜哈國際機場也曾成為攻擊目標，最近一次事件發生在2022年。由於存在民間騷亂和與安全部隊的武裝衝突，應避免前往東部省的卡提夫及其郊區（包括阿瓦米耶）。該地區經歷了與什葉派社區不滿有關的抗議和安全事件。軍事區和邊境哨所禁止遊客參觀。非穆斯林不得進入聖城麥加和麥地那。與伊拉克接壤的邊境地區，包括哈夫爾巴廷和海夫吉等城鎮，風險較高。攔截的軍事殘骸可能落在不同位置。利雅德和吉達也曾發生攻擊，但頻率低於邊境地區。如果您計劃前往偏遠的沙漠地區，則需要做好充分的準備並配備相應的裝備。