Cameroon

Cameroon的建議疫苗接種

對於大多數旅行者

甲型肝炎疫苗

There is a significant risk of exposure to hepatitis A for this country. Therefore, the vaccination is recommended. Infants 6 to 11 months old should also be vaccinated against the disease.

乙肝疫苗

There is a significant risk of infection with hepatitis B for this country. Therefore, the vaccination is recommended.

對於一些旅行者

麻疹，腮腺炎，風疹（MMR）疫苗

One dose of measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) is recommended to infants 6 to 11 months prior to international travel.

脊髓灰質炎疫苗

A single lifetime booster dose of Inactivated Polio Vaccine (IPV) is recommended for adults who received the routine polio vaccination series as children

卡介苗芽孢桿菌（BCG）疫苗

A BCG vaccine is recommended for all unvaccinated adults and children under 16 years of age, staying in the country for more than 3 months. A tuberculin skin test is required prior to administering vaccination for all children from 6 years of age.

黃熱病疫苗

There is a risk of yellow fever transmission in Cameroon. This country requires all persons 9 months of age or older to have proof of the yellow fever vaccination. It is recommended that all travellers 9 months of age and older have the yellow fever vaccination.

腦膜炎疫苗

Because this country is located in the sub-Saharan meningitis belt, vaccination against meningitis is recommended if travelling during the dry season (December to April).

霍亂疫苗

The U.K. NaTHNaC recommends the oral cholera vaccine for some travellers whose activities or medical history put them at increased risk, travelling to areas of active cholera transmission. These risk factors include: aid workers; those going to areas of cholera outbreaks who have limited access to potable water and medical care; travellers for whom the vaccination would be considered potentially beneficial, such as chronic medical conditions. The U.S. CDC recommends the cholera vaccine for travellers who are 18-64 years of age and who plan to travel to areas of active cholera transmission. CDC notes that most travellers do not travel to areas of active cholera transmission, and that safe food and water practices can prevent many cholera infections.

狂犬病疫苗

Vaccination against rabies is recommended for travellers involved in outdoor activities (e.g., campers, hikers, bikers, adventure travellers, and cavers) who may have direct contact with rabid dogs, bats, and other mammals. Those with occupational risks (such as veterinarians, wildlife professionals, researchers) and long-term travellers and expatriates are at higher risk and should be vaccinated.

傷寒疫苗

There is a risk of exposure to typhoid fever in this country through consumption of unsafe food and water. Since exposure to unsafe sources is variable within this country, the vaccination against typhoid fever is generally recommended, especially when visiting smaller cities, rural areas, or staying with friends and family.

Cameroon的推薦藥物

對於一些旅行者

抗瘧藥

Anti-malarial medication is recommended for all travellers to Cameroon. Recommended medication includes atovaquone- proguanil, doxycycline, or mefloquine. Anti-malaria drug resistance for chloroquine is present.

Cameroon要注意的疾病

對於大多數旅行者

Hepatitis A

There is a significant risk for hepatitis A virus exposure in Cameroon through contaminated food or water. 

Dengue Fever

Dengue fever outbreaks occur in Cameroon, and the risk to travellers is significant.

Cholera

Cholera does occur in Cameroon.

Chikungunya Fever

Chikungunya fever has occurred in this country.

Hepatitis B

There is a significant risk for acquiring hepatitis B in Cameroon.

對於一些旅行者

Crimean-Congo Haemorrhagic Fever

There is a risk of Crimean-Congo Haemorrhagic fever in Cameroon.

Leishmaniasis

There is a risk of acquiring Leishmaniasis in the country. The infection is transmitted by the bite of infected phlebotomine sandfly.

Measles

There is a risk of exposure to measles in the country.

Rift Valley Fever (RVF)

Commonly spread via contact with domesticated animals infected with the virus. These include cattle, buffalo, sheep, goats, and camels, among others.

Hanta Virus

There is a risk of acquiring hantavirus in Cameroon through contaminated food or by coming into contact with someone infected with the virus

Monkeypox

There is a risk of monkeypox in the country. The disease can be caused by being scratched or bitten by an infected animal (a rodent or primate), or touching animal products, including skins and meat and being near an infected person who is coughing or sneezing.

Polio

There is a risk of acquiring Polio in the country and is transmitted from one person to another when droplets from a sneeze or cough of an infected person gets into the mouth of another person.

West Nile Fever

The virus is transmitted to animals, birds and humans by mosquitoes. Symptoms include fever, headache, tiredness, body aches, nausea, and skin rash.

Sleeping Sickness (Type 1)

African trypanosomiasis (“sleeping sickness”) occurs in Cameroon. Travellers to urban areas are not at risk.

African Tick Bite Fever

Sporadic cases and outbreaks of this disease may occur in this country.

Zika Fever

Zika fever can occur in Cameroon.

Meningitis

Epidemics of meningitis may occur in Cameroon during the dry season (December-April). Travellers with prolonged contact with the local population are especially at risk.

Tuberculosis

Travellers to Cameroon are at risk for tuberculosis if visiting ill friends or family or working in the health care field.

Schistosomiasis

The parasite that causes schistosomiasis is found in Cameroon. Well-chlorinated swimming pools and contact with saltwater in oceans or seas will not put travellers at risk for schistosomiasis.

Yellow Fever

There is a risk of yellow fever transmission in Cameroon. This country requires all persons 9 months of age or older to have proof of the yellow fever vaccination. It is recommended that all travellers 9 months of age and older have the yellow fever vaccination.

Typhoid Fever

Unvaccinated people can become infected through contaminated food and water in Cameroon, especially when visiting smaller cities, villages, or rural areas and staying with friends or relatives.

Malaria

All areas of Cameroon are at high risk for malaria.

Rabies

Rabies occurs in Cameroon. Travellers involved in outdoor activities (e.g., campers, hikers, bikers, adventure travellers, and cavers) may have direct contact with rabid dogs, bats, and other mammals. Those with occupational risks (such as veterinarians, wildlife professionals, researchers) and long-term travellers and expatriates are at higher risk.

Cameroon中的安全性

人身安全

喀麥隆因地區和環境不同，人身安全風險也各有不同。武裝搶劫、襲擊和劫車事件在全國各地頻傳，尤其在雅溫德、杜阿拉、恩岡代雷和巴富薩姆等城市特別嚴重。小偷小摸在城市中心、市場和公共交通工具上屢見不鮮。綁架勒索贖金事件不僅影響喀麥隆本國公民，也影響外國人，尤其是在極北地區、西北部、西南部以及與中非共和國、奈及利亞和查德接壤的邊境地區。針對外國人的詐騙活動十分猖獗，包括預付詐騙、虛假工作機會和詐欺性收養服務。信用卡和ATM機詐騙頻繁。警力有限，可能無法有效應對嚴重事件。警員有時會在路障處以輕微或捏造的違規行為為藉口，勒索小額賄賂。

極端暴力

喀麥隆面臨多個極端暴力地區。在極北地區，博科聖地和伊斯蘭國西非省實施自殺式爆炸、武裝攻擊和綁架。 2022年至2024年間，與激進伊斯蘭分子有關的暴力事件幾乎增加了兩倍，2024年記錄了至少720起事件和780人死亡。 2025年3月在沃爾戈發生的攻擊造成至少20名喀麥隆士兵死亡。西北和西南英語區分離主義團體與政府軍之間的武裝衝突持續不斷。自2016年底以來，這場危機已造成6,500多人死亡，2024年是暴力事件最多的一年。每天都面臨槍擊、簡易爆炸裝置攻擊、綁架、路障和任意拘留等風險。雙方都犯下了包括法外處決、性暴力和攻擊平民在內的暴行。這些地區有超過58萬人流離失所。非國家武裝團體越來越多地使用簡易爆炸裝置，甚至在首都雅溫得也出現了這種裝置。乍得湖盆地仍特別危險，恐怖活動和針對平民的攻擊持續不斷。

政治動盪

2025年10月12日總統大選前夕，政治局勢高度緊張。 92歲的總統保羅比亞執政42年，儘管繼任問題日益令人擔憂，但他仍尋求連任。政府於2024年3月禁止兩個反對派聯盟，宣布為非法組織。主要反對派人物莫里斯·卡姆托被禁止參選，至少36名抗議者被任意拘留五年。政治空間日益受到限制，對異議者和民間社會進行打壓。和平示威可能演變成暴力事件，導致交通中斷。安全部隊在抗議活動中使用了催淚瓦斯、水砲，並逮捕了數百人。宵禁可能不經通知而實施。 2020年的抗議活動中，有超過550人被逮捕。預計選舉期間，投票站和政府大樓周圍的安全措施將加強。政治言論加劇了線上和線下的種族緊張局勢。民間騷亂頻繁，2025年全年都有可能發生政治暴力。

應避免的區域

多個地區受到多國政府發布的「禁止前往」警告。極北地區面臨來自博科聖地和伊斯蘭國西非省的恐怖主義威脅、武裝匪幫和綁架風險，尤其是在乍得湖盆地。西北和西南英語區是衝突地區，有武裝衝突、簡易爆炸裝置使用、綁架和服務中斷等事件。援助組織難以安全地執行工作。巴卡西半島存在武裝搶劫和海盜風險。距離尼日利亞、查德和中非共和國邊界30至40公里以內的地區面臨更高的犯罪威脅、軍事行動和綁架風險。北部地區和阿達馬瓦地區，尤其是恩岡代雷以北和中非共和國邊境20公里以內，有嚴重的安全隱患。主要城市的特定街區也需要警惕，包括雅溫德的Briqueterie和Mokolo市場，以及杜阿拉的Nkololun、New Bell、Akwa、Bonaberi和Village。西北地區的尼奧斯湖因二氧化碳排放而構成天災風險。對遊客來說相對安全的地區包括雅溫德、杜阿拉部分地區以及沿海城鎮克里比，但仍需採取標準預防措施。