Gabon

Gabon的建議疫苗接種

對於大多數旅行者

甲型肝炎疫苗

There is a significant risk of exposure to hepatitis A for this country, therefore, the vaccination is recommended.

乙肝疫苗

There is a significant risk of infection with hepatitis B for this country, therefore, the vaccination is recommended.

對於一些旅行者

霍亂疫苗

The U.K. NaTHNaC recommends the oral cholera vaccine for some travellers whose activities or medical history put them at increased risk, travelling to areas of active cholera transmission. These risk factors include: aid workers; those going to areas of cholera outbreaks who have limited access to potable water and medical care; travellers for whom the vaccination would be considered potentially beneficial, such as chronic medical conditions. The U.S. CDC recommends the cholera vaccine for travellers who are 18-64 years of age and who plan to travel to areas of active cholera transmission. CDC notes that most travellers do not travel to areas of active cholera transmission, and that safe food and water practices can prevent many cholera infections.

麻疹，腮腺炎，風疹（MMR）疫苗

One dose of measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) is recommended to infants 6 to 11 months prior to international travel.

卡介苗芽孢桿菌（BCG）疫苗

A BCG vaccine is recommended for all unvaccinated adults and children under 16 years of age, staying in the country for more than 3 months. A tuberculin skin test is required prior to administering vaccination for all children from 6 years of age.

黃熱病疫苗

A yellow fever vaccination certificate is required for all travellers 1 year of age and older. However, the vaccination is recommended for all travellers 9 months of age and older.

傷寒疫苗

There is a risk of exposure to typhoid fever in this country through consumption of unsafe food and water. Since exposure to unsafe sources is variable within this country, the vaccination against typhoid fever is generally recommended, especially when visiting smaller cities, rural areas, where water and food may not be safe.

狂犬病疫苗

Vaccination against rabies is recommended for travellers involved in outdoor activities (e.g., campers, hikers, bikers, adventure travellers, and cavers) who may have direct contact with rabid dogs, bats, and other mammals. Those with occupational risks (such as veterinarians, wildlife professionals, researchers) and long-term travellers and expatriates are at higher risk and should be vaccinated.

Gabon的推薦藥物

對於一些旅行者

抗瘧藥

Anti-malaria medication is recommended for travellers going to Gabon. Recommended medications are atovaquone/proguanil, doxycycline, or mefloquine. Anti-malaria drug resistance for chloroquine and sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine is present.

Gabon要注意的疾病

對於大多數旅行者

Dengue Fever

Dengue fever occurs in this country.

Hepatitis A

There is a significant risk of exposure to hepatitis A in Gabon.

Hepatitis B

There is a significant risk of exposure to hepatitis B in Gabon.

Chikungunya Fever

Chikungunya fever has occurred in this country.

Cholera

Outbreaks of cholera occur in Gabon.

對於一些旅行者

Leishmaniasis

There is a risk of acquiring Leishmaniasis in the country. The infection is transmitted by the bite of infected phlebotomine sandfly.

African Tick Bite Fever

There is an increased risk of this disease in this country.

Crimean-Congo Haemorrhagic Fever

There is a risk of Crimean-Congo Haemorrhagic fever in the Gabon.

Yellow Fever

There is a risk of yellow fever transmission.

Hanta Virus

There is a risk of acquiring hantavirus in the Gabon through contaminated food or by coming into contact with someone infected with the virus

Sleeping Sickness (Type 1)

African trypanosomiasis occurs in Gabon. Travellers to urban areas are not at risk.

Rift Valley Fever (RVF)

Commonly spread via contact with domesticated animals infected with the virus. These include cattle, buffalo, sheep, goats, and camels, among others.

West Nile Fever

The virus is transmitted to animals, birds and humans by mosquitoes. Symptoms include fever, headache, tiredness, body aches, nausea, and skin rash.

Monkeypox

There is a risk of monkeypox in the country. The disease can be caused by being scratched or bitten by an infected animal (a rodent or primate), or touching animal products, including skins and meat and being near an infected person who is coughing or sneezing.

Ebola Viral Disease

There is a risk of Ebola in Gabon. Ebola is caused by coming into contact with the body fluids from an infected person (alive or dead), such as blood, urine, saliva, and sweat, among others. Medical equipment contaminated with the boly fluids of an infected person or a person who died of Ebola or Marburg also cause the disease.

Measles

There is a risk of exposure to measles in the country.

Malaria

Malaria risk exists throughout the year in the whole country.

Schistosomiasis

This disease is present in this country and is acquired through contact with fresh water, such as swimming, bathing, or rafting. Well-chlorinated swimming pools and contact with saltwater in oceans or seas will not put travellers at risk for schistosomiasis.

Tuberculosis

Tuberculosis occurs in this country. Travellers to this country are at risk for tuberculosis if visiting sick friends or family, working in the health care field, or having close prolonged contact with the general population.

Typhoid Fever

Unvaccinated people can become infected through contaminated food and water in Gabon, especially when visiting smaller cities, villages, or rural areas where water and food may not be safe.

Rabies

Rabies occurs in this country. Travellers involved in outdoor activities (e.g., campers, hikers, bikers, adventure travellers, and cavers) may have direct contact with rabid dogs, bats, and other mammals. Those with occupational risks (such as veterinarians, wildlife professionals, researchers) and long-term travellers and expatriates are at higher risk.

Zika Fever

Zika virus can occur in this country.

Gabon中的安全性

人身安全

加彭的輕微犯罪和暴力犯罪率處於中等水平，尤其是在利伯維爾和讓蒂爾港。扒竊、竊盜無人看管的物品、車輛入室竊盜和入室竊盜案件時有發生。在大城市的街頭，持槍或持刀搶劫和行兇事件時有發生。外國人之所以受到犯罪者的關注，是因為他們看起來比當地人更富有。針對遊客的暴力犯罪仍然不如財產犯罪常見，但武裝攻擊和攻擊事件確實時有發生。夜間獨自行走存在很大風險。天黑後，市區尤其危險，儘管白天也會發生此類事件。五月至九月的假期期間，犯罪率會上升。竊賊會使用分散注意力的技巧，例如走到車前，為同夥創造機會，讓他們從未上鎖的車門中搶走物品。利伯維爾曾通報劫車事件。即使在白天，包括海灘在內的偏僻地區也有更高的風險。自2023年8月軍事接管以來，當局一直保持高度安全警戒，並在全國範圍內加強軍事部署。安全部隊經常在檢查站攔截旅客，檢查證件。政變後，一些遊客被拘留並被問到其旅行目的。 2025年4月舉行的總統選舉和平結束，但定於2025年9月舉行的立法選舉可能會導致臨時安全措施調整。您應始終攜帶身份證明和旅行目的證明。宵禁可能會在未經通知的情況下實施。大型飯店外的信用卡詐欺行為很常見，ATM機也有盜刷風險。

極端暴力

加彭近期沒有恐怖主義歷史，但當局承認不能完全排除攻擊的可能性。與地區鄰國相比，該國的恐怖主義威脅較低。近年來未發生重大恐怖事件。一些安全分析人士指出，加彭與剛果和喀麥隆的邊界可能成為國家間交通走廊，但這仍停留在理論上，尚未得到證實。海盜曾在幾內亞灣沿岸水域對商船進行武裝攻擊。 2023年8月推翻總統阿里·邦戈的軍事政變和平進行，沒有引發大規模暴力或武裝衝突。士兵奪取了利伯維爾的主要政府大樓和戰略要地的控制權，但此次奪權行動並未造成重大傷亡。人口販運仍然是一個問題，加彭是西非和中非人口販運的目的地和過境國，這些人口遭受強迫勞動和性剝削。組織犯罪主要集中在販毒、象牙貿易和非法伐木，而非針對遊客的暴力行為。與木材產業相關的森林犯罪涉及高層腐敗，但通常不會表現為對遊客的暴力威脅。

政治動盪

2023年8月，軍事政變結束了邦戈家族長達56年的統治，布萊斯·奧利吉·恩圭馬將軍成為過渡總統。他在2025年4月的總統選舉中以約90%的得票率獲勝，這是政變以來的首次選舉。局勢已趨穩定，但當局仍維持更高的安全警戒等級。立法選舉定於2025年9月舉行，屆時可能會帶來臨時的安全調整和行動限制。抗議和示威活動可能在毫無預警的情況下發生，並可能在未經通知的情況下演變成暴力事件。即使是和平集會也可能迅速升級。警察和安全部隊通常使用催淚瓦斯或其他武力驅散人群。示威活動在利伯維爾和讓蒂爾港更為常見。在政治動盪時期，警察檢查次數會顯著增加。過渡政府沒有表現出重新實施前政權時期限制措施的跡象，但保守派人士呼籲在某些社會議題上扭轉政策。歷史上，大多數政治暴力事件發生在競選期間，但當局通常能夠相對快速地控制局勢。罷工有時發生在工人抗議未得到滿足的要求。您應該避開所有示威、集會、大型公眾集會和政府大樓。持續關注當地媒體並遵循當地政府的指示。

應避免的區域

利伯維爾和讓蒂爾港的犯罪率居高不下，包括搶劫、車輛入室盜竊、入室盜竊、武裝襲擊以及偶發的強姦。這兩個大城市是暴力犯罪事件最集中的城市。請隨時避開光線昏暗的街道、不熟悉的城市區域以及海灘等偏僻地點，尤其是在天黑之後。在這些城市獨自行走或夜間行走存在很大風險。城市擁擠地區在天黑後尤其危險，儘管白天也會發生此類事件。市場、交通樞紐和遊客經常光顧的地區經常發生車輛入室盜竊和盜竊事件。利伯維爾以外的內陸地區道路基礎設施薄弱，駕駛條件危險。在雨季，如果沒有四輪驅動車輛，市中心以外的道路可能無法通行。農村地區獲得緊急服務、醫療設施和警察回應的機會有限。幾內亞灣沿岸水域經常發生海盜襲擊和武裝搶劫船隻事件。與鄰國接壤的邊境地區缺乏完善的安全基礎設施。 2023年8月軍事接管後，全國各地當局對遊客的審查更加嚴格，但2025年4月選舉後，審查有所放鬆。避免搭乘繞道或搭乘多人共乘的計程車。