Slovenia
關於Slovenia
| 貨幣 | Euro (EUR) |
| 語言 | Slovene |
| 資本金 | Ljubljana |
Slovenia is located in southeastern Europe bordered by Italy, Austria, Hungary, Croatia and 46 kilometres along the Adriatic Sea. This small country has a population of about 2 million people. The government is a parliamentary republic with a president as chief of state and a prime minister as head of government.
The area of Slovenia was part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire until the end of World War I. In 1918, the Slovenes, Croats, and Serbs formed a new country, which, in 1929, was named Yugoslavia. Over the year, the Slovenes were not content with resource allocation to other parts of Yugoslavia and power of the Serbs who were the majority. In 1990, the Slovenes overwhelmingly supported a referendum for independence. In 1991, Slovenia declared independence. The country has become a full member of the European Union and a member of NATO.
Slovenia has much to offer travellers. Ljubljana, the capital city, boasts interesting architecture. There are plenty of opportunities for outdoor activities, such as hiking and exploring the Triglav National Park, the Škocjan Caves (a UNESCO World Heritage Site), the Julian Alps and the Kamnik Alps, Adriatic coast, as well as medieval towns and castles.
Slovenia的建議疫苗接種
對於大多數旅行者
甲型肝炎疫苗
There is a risk of exposure to hepatitis A for this country, therefore, the vaccination is recommended.
乙肝疫苗
There is a risk of infection with hepatitis B for this country, therefore, the vaccination is recommended.
對於一些旅行者
麻疹，腮腺炎，風疹（MMR）疫苗
A dose of Measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine is recommended for infants aged 6 to 11 months.
ick蟲腦炎疫苗
Vaccination against tick-borne encephalitis is recommended if travelling in the provinces of Gorenjska and Koroska or where contact with ticks might occur (camping, hiking, outdoor activities) during early spring to late autumn.
狂犬病疫苗
Vaccination against rabies is recommended for travellers involved in outdoor activities (e.g., adventure travellers, and cavers) who may have direct contact with rabid dogs, bats, and other mammals. Those with occupational risks (such as veterinarians, wildlife professionals, researchers) and long-term travellers and expatriates are at higher risk and should be vaccinated.
Slovenia的推薦藥物
目前沒有針對Slovenia的建議。
Slovenia要注意的疾病
對於大多數旅行者
Hepatitis A
There is a risk for hepatitis A virus exposure in Slovenia through contaminated food or water.
Hepatitis B
There is a risk for acquiring hepatitis B in Slovenia.
對於一些旅行者
Crimean-Congo Haemorrhagic Fever
There is a risk of acquiring Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic fever in this country through specific insect, bug or tick bites or by coming in close contact with a person or animal infected with this disease. Travellers involved in activities like hiking, camping, working with animals, and visiting farms and forested areas are at a higher risk. There are no vaccinations (or medications) to prevent Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic fever.
Leishmaniasis
There is a risk of acquiring Leishmaniasis in this country through sand fly bites, particularly between dusk to dawn. Adventure tourists, outdoor athletes, or humanitarian aid workers are at a higher risk.
Measles
A dose of Measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine is recommended for infants aged 6 to 11 months.
Tuberculosis
Travellers to this country are at risk for tuberculosis if visiting sick friends or family, working in the healthcare field, or having close prolonged contact with an infected person.
Hanta Virus
There is a risk of acquiring Hantavirus in this country through the consumption of food and water contaminated by an infected rodent or through rodent bites.
Tick-Borne Encephalitis
There is a risk of Tick-borne Encephalitis in all areas of this country. The main affected areas are in the provinces of Gorenjska and Koroska. The transmission season varies, however, ticks are most active during early spring to late autumn.
Rabies
Rabies occurs in Slovenia. Travellers involved in outdoor activities (e.g., campers, hikers, bikers, adventure travellers, and cavers) may have direct contact with rabid dogs, bats, and other mammals. Those with occupational risks (such as veterinarians, wildlife professionals, researchers) and long-term travellers and expatriates are at higher risk.
Slovenia中的安全性
人身安全
根據全球和平指數，斯洛維尼亞位列全球最安全的十個國家之一。犯罪率非常低，暴力犯罪罕見，小偷小摸是遊客主要擔心的問題。 2023年，斯洛維尼亞警方報告的針對遊客的犯罪案件僅432起，其中超過70%為非暴力財產犯罪。扒手主要發生在人流密集的旅遊區，例如盧布爾雅那的中心市場、布萊德和公共交通。機場和火車站的計程車司機可能會向遊客多收錢，因此請確認計價器是否正常運作或事先談好價格。夜總會可能會發生飲料下藥的情況。盧布爾雅那的一些街區，尤其是梅特爾科瓦自治區，需要格外小心。該地區以另類文化而聞名，但可能有非法居住者和吸毒者。撥打112（救護車）或113（警察）聯絡緊急服務。
極端暴力
斯洛維尼亞的暴力犯罪率極低。兇殺率為每十萬人0.5起，遠低於世界平均的每十萬人5.8起。斯洛維尼亞近代史上未發生恐怖攻擊。鑑於歐洲和中東目前的安全局勢，恐怖主義威脅等級維持在中等水平，即五個等級中的第三個。當局目前尚無資訊顯示斯洛維尼亞面臨具體的恐怖主義威脅，但不能排除發生此類事件的可能性。由於位於巴爾幹半島，斯洛維尼亞是主要的組織犯罪中繼站。人口販賣、人口走私、槍枝販賣和毒品販賣都會途經該國，但這些活動很少影響遊客。搶劫和綁架事件並不常見。斯洛維尼亞的有組織犯罪率在中東歐地區最低。
政治動盪
斯洛維尼亞歷史上抗議活動大多是和平的。 2012 年至 2013 年期間發生了反對政治菁英腐敗的大規模示威活動，2020 年至 2022 年期間發生了反對政府政策的示威活動。這些抗議活動基本上是和平的，2020 年 4 月至 2022 年 4 月期間組織了 100 多場週五抗議活動。盧布爾雅那和其他城市偶爾仍會發生示威活動，通常集中在政治議題、退休金或社會事業。 2012 年 11 月，馬裡博爾發生了一場騷亂，抗議活動演變成暴力事件，抗議者與警察發生衝突，據稱這是斯洛維尼亞獨立以來前所未有的。大多數示威活動都是和平有序的，但個人或小團體可能會以無計劃的方式表達觀點。近年來的抗議活動涉及的問題涵蓋政府政策到國際衝突。遊客應避開示威活動發生的地區，並關注當地媒體以獲取有關正在進行的抗議活動的資訊。
應避免的區域
斯洛維尼亞全國總體上非常安全，只有少數地區需要特別注意。盧布爾雅那的梅特爾科瓦地區是一個自治區，以另類文化、塗鴉和地下藝術家而聞名。遊客可能會遇到非法居住者和吸毒者，因此建議白天遊覽，並避免未經允許拍攝人物。由於歷史上的政治緊張局勢，前往與克羅埃西亞接壤的邊境地區時應提高警覺。 2025年，在盧布爾雅那東南方6英里的斯科弗利察，一隻熊襲擊了一名遛狗的人。斯洛維尼亞各地的森林地區，包括城市附近，都有熊出沒。在山區，遊客應在發現熊和狼的地方謹慎行事。高山地區存在雪崩風險，尤其是在越野滑雪區。斯洛維尼亞西部位於地震斷層線上，偶爾會發生地震。 2023年8月，嚴重的洪水和山崩影響了卡姆尼克周圍北部地區和薩維尼亞山谷部分地區。斯洛維尼亞各地可能遭遇突發性極端風暴，伴隨強風、降雨、降雪、閃電和強烈冰雹。炎熱乾燥的天氣容易引發野火。
