Pitcairn Islands
關於Pitcairn Islands
| 貨幣 | New Zealand Dollar (NZD) |
| 語言 | English |
| 資本金 | Adamstown |
The Pitcairn Islands, a British Overseas Territory composed of Pitcairn, Henderson, Ducie and Oeno Islands, are located in the southern Pacific Ocean. Only Pitcairn island is inhabited. The Governor of the Pitcairn Islands is the representative of the Queen of the United Kingdom; the administrative headquarters is located in Auckland, New Zealand.
In the early centuries, the Pitcairn Islands were inhabited or frequently visited by Polynesian peoples, as evidenced by the glyphs that can be seen etched into the rocks. European explorers discovered the islands in 1767, and in 1790 the islands were inhabited by British mutineers of the Royal Navy ship “Bounty” and their Tahitian companions. In 1838, Pitcairn Island became a British colony. In 2014, the population of the Pitcairn Islands was estimated to be only 57 people. Although the economy of this small, remote island group relies heavily on British foreign aid, tourism may be a promising new sector for economic development.
Due to its location in the south Pacific, the Pitcairn Islands have a subtropical climate with high humidity and average yearly temperatures of approximately 20-30ºC.
Because of Henderson Island’s unique flora and fauna – it has 9 plant species and several species of birds found nowhere else in the world – Henderson Island is designated as a UNESCO World Heritage site. Moreover, in 2015, the British government established the largest marine reserve in the world (834,000 square km) around the Pitcairn Islands to protect the pristine waters, diverse wildlife and healthy ecosystem. Moreover, the Pitcairn Islands have been recognized as important habitats for a variety of bird species.
With access to the Pitcairn Islands only available by ship (a journey of more than 30 hours), this very remote island group is secluded from mainstream tourism and its natural beauty is largely untouched.
Pitcairn Islands的建議疫苗接種
對於大多數旅行者
甲型肝炎疫苗
There is a risk of exposure to hepatitis A in this country, therefore, the vaccination is recommended.
乙肝疫苗
There is a risk of infection with hepatitis B for this country, therefore, the vaccination is recommended.
對於一些旅行者
麻疹，腮腺炎，風疹（MMR）疫苗
A dose of Measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine is recommended for infants aged 6 to 11 months.
狂犬病疫苗
Vaccination against rabies is recommended for travellers whose activities or employment may bring them into direct contact with bats (i.e. adventure travellers, veterinarians, wildlife professionals, researchers, etc.).
黃熱病疫苗
There is no yellow fever risk, but a yellow fever vaccination certificate is required from travellers over 1 year of age arriving from countries with risk of yellow fever transmission.
傷寒疫苗
There is a risk of exposure to typhoid fever in this country through consumption of unsafe food and water. Since exposure to unsafe sources is variable within this country, the vaccination against typhoid fever is generally recommended, especially when visiting smaller cities, rural areas, or staying with friends and family.
Pitcairn Islands的推薦藥物
目前沒有針對Pitcairn Islands的建議。
Pitcairn Islands要注意的疾病
對於大多數旅行者
Hepatitis A
There is a risk of exposure to hepatitis A virus in this country through contaminated food or water.
Hepatitis B
There is a risk for acquiring hepatitis B in this country.
對於一些旅行者
Measles
There is a risk of acquiring Measles in this country.
Rabies
The risk of acquiring Rabies is low. However, it may be present in bats. Those with occupational risks (such as veterinarians, wildlife professionals, researchers) may be at risk.
Tuberculosis
Travellers to this country are at risk for tuberculosis if visiting sick friends or family, working in the healthcare field, or having close prolonged contact with a sick person.
Hanta Virus
There is a risk of acquiring Hantavirus in this country through the consumption of food and water contaminated by an infected rodent or through rodent bites.
Typhoid Fever
Unvaccinated people can become infected through contaminated food and water in this country, especially when visiting smaller cities, villages, or rural areas where water and food may not be safe.
Yellow Fever
There is no yellow fever risk, but a yellow fever vaccination certificate is required from travellers over 1 year of age arriving from countries with risk of yellow fever transmission.
Pitcairn Islands中的安全性
人身安全
皮特凱恩群島的犯罪率極低。針對遊客的犯罪事件並不常見，約35至50名居民的稀少人口維繫著緊密的社區氛圍。居民和遊客都表示，無論白天或夜晚，這裡都感覺非常安全。然而，島嶼的極度偏遠也帶來了獨特的風險。醫療轉運可能需要數天甚至數週的時間，因為重症患者需要乘船前往芒阿雷瓦島，然後飛往塔希提島或紐西蘭。小型診所僅提供駐地醫生的基本護理。島上沒有緊急服務；如果發現火災，必須通知最近的島民，他們會使用甚高頻無線電發出警報。崎嶇的地形存在人身危險，尤其是在通往Down Rope、Tautama和Christian’s Cave的步道上，這些步道狹窄、濕滑且標記不清。懸崖不穩定，可能毫無預警地崩塌。由於沒有港口或碼頭，前往島嶼本身就充滿挑戰。遊客需要搭乘長艇從補給船前往島上，但天氣惡劣時可能會比較困難。由於島嶼與世隔絕，救援工作難以獲得，因此您必須做好自給自足的計劃，並明白在緊急情況下您實際上只能依靠自己。
極端暴力
皮特凱恩群島上幾乎不存在暴力犯罪。無論您的背景如何，人身攻擊、仇恨犯罪和惡毒言論都極為罕見。該島以暴力事件發生率極低而聞名，97% 的受訪者表示他們沒有遭遇任何暴力，包括肢體衝突、辱罵或騷擾。吸毒和販毒也極為罕見，98% 的受訪者表示沒有遇過吸毒者、毒品活動或毒品相關犯罪。皮特凱恩島近期沒有發生恐怖主義事件，但也不能完全排除發生過攻擊的可能性。然而，該島有著令人不安的歷史。 1999 年至 2004 年間，一場備受矚目的性侵犯案揭露了至少可追溯到三代人的廣泛性虐待現象。 2004 年，居住在皮特凱恩的七名男子麵臨 55 項針對兒童和青少年的性侵犯指控，佔島上男性人口的三分之一。七名被告中有六人被判有罪，另有居住在海外的男子在奧克蘭進行了額外審判。自審判結束以來，英國政府實施了強有力的兒童保護政策、程序和標準，並持續進行審查。
政治動盪
皮特凱恩島政局穩定，島上鮮有內亂，無政黨。該島為議會制民主屬地，市長為政府首腦，任期三年。島議會由10個席次組成，成員任期不一。議員和副市長每兩年選舉一次，市長每三年選舉一次。皮特凱恩島是英國海外領土，受1964年《地方政府條例》管轄。皮特凱恩島人口約35至50人，是全球人口最少的民主國家。島上社區規模小且緊密團結，這意味著極不可能發生政治緊張局勢或可能擾亂旅行計畫的示威活動。政府行政辦公室位於紐西蘭奧克蘭，英國駐紐西蘭高級專員公署擔任總督。自1999年以來，皮特凱恩島的日常事務由民選市長管理。沒有跡象顯示政治不穩定或動亂會影響遊客。
應避免的區域
島嶼面積狹小，僅長 3.2 公里、1.6 公里寬，因此沒有指定犯罪或騷亂風險較高的特定區域。然而，某些自然區域存在物理危險。通往 Down Rope、Tautama 和 Christian’s Cave 的步道狹窄、濕滑且標記不清。您應該在島民的帶領下嘗試這些步道。島上的懸崖不穩定，隨時可能崩塌，因此您必須始終與懸崖邊緣保持安全距離。 Bounty Bay 是島上的唯一入口，沒有港口或碼頭，惡劣天氣下登陸十分困難。大雨過後，全島都有山崩或落石的風險。亞當斯敦東南部地形崎嶇，山坡陡峭，需要格外小心，尤其是在徒步旅行或探索人跡罕至的地區時。由於島嶼地處偏遠，如果您在任何地方遇到困難，緊急援助將嚴重延誤。當您獨立探索時，您應該始終告知主人您要去的地方，並在炎熱的天氣中攜帶飲用水。
