Switzerland
關於Switzerland
| 貨幣 | Swiss franc (CHF) |
| 語言 | German, French, Italian, and Romansch |
| 資本金 | Bern |
The Swiss Confederation (Switzerland) is a country in the central part of Europe between Italy and France. The population is about 7.6 million people. The country forms three main linguistic and cultural regions: German, French, and Italian.
The government is formally a confederation but the structure is a federal republic. The chief of state and head of government is a president.
Switzerland is known for neutrality and is home to many international organizations, including the World Economic Forum, the International Olympic Committee, the Red Cross, the World Trade Organization, FIFA, and the World Health Organization.
Switzerland has a very prosperous economy and very high standard of living. This country is known for banking and financial services.
Visitors can enjoy both summer and winter sports in Switzerland as the country is dominated by the Alps. Visitors are also drawn to metropolitan cities like Geneva, Zürich, Basel and Lausanne. Switzerland is famous for precision watches, clocks and music boxes, as well as for chocolates and cheeses.
Switzerland的建議疫苗接種
對於大多數旅行者
甲型肝炎疫苗
There is a low risk of exposure to hepatitis A for this country, however, the vaccination is recommended.
乙肝疫苗
There is a low risk of exposure to hepatitis B for this country, however, the vaccination is recommended.
對於一些旅行者
麻疹,腮腺炎,風疹(MMR)疫苗
A dose of Measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine is recommended for infants aged 6 to 11 months.
ick蟲腦炎疫苗
Vaccination against tick-borne encephalitis is recommended if travelling in the regions in the central and north-eastern cantons including Thurgau, Nidwalden, Uri, Aargau, Zurich, Lucerne, Appenzell Innerrhoden, and Schaffhausen or where contact with ticks might occur (camping, hiking, outdoor activities) during early spring to late autumn.
狂犬病疫苗
Vaccination against rabies is recommended for travellers whose activities or employment may bring them into direct contact with bats (i.e. adventure travellers, veterinarians, wildlife professionals, researchers, etc.).
Switzerland的推薦藥物
目前沒有針對Switzerland的建議。
Switzerland要注意的疾病
對於大多數旅行者
Hepatitis A
There is a low risk of hepatitis A in this country.
Hepatitis B
There is a low risk of hepatitis B in this country.
對於一些旅行者
Tuberculosis
Travellers to this country are at risk for tuberculosis if visiting sick friends or family, working in the healthcare field, or having close prolonged contact with an infected person.
Hanta Virus
There is a risk of acquiring Hantavirus in this country through the consumption of food and water contaminated by an infected rodent or through rodent bites.
Measles
A dose of Measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine is recommended for infants aged 6 to 11 months.
Tick-Borne Encephalitis
There is a risk of Tick-borne Encephalitis in all areas of this country. The main affected areas are in the central and north-eastern cantons including Thurgau, Nidwalden, Uri, Aargau, Zurich, Lucerne, Appenzell Innerrhoden, and Schaffhausen. The transmission season varies, however, ticks are most active during early spring to late autumn.
Rabies
Rabies has not been reported in Switzerland and is considered a low risk for travellers, However, it may occur in bats.
Switzerland中的安全性
人身安全
瑞士是全球最安全的國家之一。 2024年,警方記錄了563,633起刑事犯罪,比前一年增加了8%。自2020年以來,數位犯罪增加了一倍多,網路釣魚和身分盜竊案件急劇增加。 2023年至2024年間,嚴重暴力犯罪增加了19.4%,其中強暴案增加了29.4%。儘管如此,與許多國家相比,嚴重人身傷害和強暴仍然相對少見。瑞士的兇殺率約為每10萬人0.54起,是全球最低的國家之一。財產犯罪持續上升,2022年入室竊盜案件達35,732起。每年約有4萬輛自行車被偷走。扒手和竊盜主要發生在旅遊區和人潮密集的地方。在大多數情況下,您面臨的暴力犯罪風險很小。恐怖主義威脅依然嚴峻,尤其針對受聖戰士影響的個人,以及對猶太人和以色列利益的風險。自2022年以來,恐怖主義調查數量翻了一番。 2024年安全報告指出,未成年人極端主義傾向加劇,並透過網路管道迅速蔓延。
極端暴力
極端暴力在瑞士依然罕見。 2019 年,每 10 萬人口的兇殺率為 0.54,使瑞士成為世界上最安全的國家之一。當年共發生 46 起既遂兇殺案和 161 起謀殺未遂案。大多數兇殺案涉及刀刃武器而非槍枝。家庭暴力佔案件的很大一部分,63% 的既遂兇殺案和 31% 的謀殺未遂案被歸類為家庭暴力。自 2024 年以來,恐怖主義威脅變得更加明顯。 2022 年至 2025 年間,正在進行的恐怖主義調查翻了一番。 2024 年 3 月,一名 15 歲少年在蘇黎世刺傷了一名正統猶太男子,據稱此人宣誓效忠伊斯蘭國。猶太人和以色列的利益仍然面臨巨大風險。暴力的右翼和左翼極端主義團體持續活動,兩種威脅都穩定在較高水準。針對未成年人的極端主義思潮抬頭,尤其是在聖戰主義和極右翼思想的影響下。這種思潮在網路上迅速蔓延,並可能引發襲擊。整體暴力犯罪大幅上升,2024年嚴重暴力犯罪上升了19.4%。嚴重人身傷害案件上升了16.9%。幫派犯罪警告已出台,當局指出瑞士必須採取行動,避免比利時和瑞典那樣的情況。
政治動盪
瑞士經常發生政治示威活動,但很少演變成暴力事件。抗議權利在幾個州面臨一些限制。 2023 年 3 月,蘇黎世居民投票通過了一項法律,要求公眾示威活動事先獲得授權,並向組織者收取警務費用。左翼極端分子偶爾會呼籲舉行激進集會,尤其是在五一勞動節活動前後。近年來,這些後續示威活動導致了塗鴉、財產損失以及與警方的衝突。 2024 年和 2025 年的親巴勒斯坦示威活動多次導致與警方的衝突。 2025 年 6 月,在蘇黎世一場未經授權的親巴勒斯坦集會上,11 人被捕,並引發騷亂。在 2025 年 5 月於巴塞爾舉行的歐洲歌唱大賽期間,親巴勒斯坦抗議者與防暴警察發生衝突,警察發射了催淚瓦斯並動用了水砲。警方在 2025 年 5 月於伯恩舉行的示威活動中也使用了類似的手段。 2025年8月,瑞士一座城市再次發生騷亂,七人被捕。儘管抗議活動頻傳,但大多數抗議活動仍保持和平。儘管圍繞中東政治的具體事件引發了更激烈的衝突,但瑞士的和平示威傳統總體上依然延續。儘管整體公共安全風險仍然較低,但遊客應謹慎避免示威區域。
應避免的區域
瑞士沒有絕對危險的地區,但犯罪率因地區而異。 2024 年,巴塞爾城市區的犯罪率最高,每千人發生 151.6 起犯罪。洛桑緊隨其後,每千人發生 121.1 起,以暴力犯罪率高而聞名。蘇黎世和盧塞恩並列第三,每千人發生 111.3 起犯罪。比爾報告每千人發生 103.5 起犯罪。這些高犯罪率部分反映了通勤者和遊客數量的增加,他們人為地誇大了相對於常住人口的統計數據。因特拉肯在 2024 年每千人發生 211 起犯罪,比前一年增加了 40%,主要歸因於大眾旅遊。伯爾尼、比爾和圖恩的城市中心是該州犯罪最多的地區,尤其是財產犯罪和公共不文明行為。南部和東部地區的犯罪率較低。提契諾州、瓦萊州、施維茲州、烏裡州和格勞賓登州的犯罪率維持在每千人35人以下,名列最安全地區之列。在蘇黎世,某些街區,例如歐瑞康車站、施瓦門丁格廣場和塞巴赫部分地區,報告的犯罪事件數量較高,尤其是在深夜。犯罪統計數據應謹慎解讀。較高的犯罪率通常反映的是舉報系統更加完善以及遊客人數眾多,而非對居民或遊客構成真正的威脅。